Flight Crew flying CE-650 aircraft reported gear up landing which triggered a go around. Aircraft landed safely on second attempt.
Synopsis
Flight Crew flying CE-650 aircraft reported gear up landing which triggered a go around. Aircraft landed safely on second attempt.
Narrative
During initial and final approach to landing; our attention had been directed by Approach Control and Tower and devoted by ourselves to the presence of a much slower; small Piper Cherokee just ahead of us. Approach Control requested us to slow early to 180 kts. which required us to select 7 degrees of flaps; which is an unusual setting for a normal approach. A normal approach would have us go right to a 20 degree flap setting and the command from the Pilot Flying would be 'Below 210 kts.; flaps 20; gear down.' Then Tower requested us to slow to final approach speed; we selected 20 flaps and shortly after that; the normal command of 'Below 170 kts.; landing flaps full.' We were very busy getting slowed to final landing speed to maintain the distance required to receive a clearance to land and avoid a go around. Even on very short final; the Piper took up an extended length of runway before turning off clear of the runway. Finally; we got our clearance to land from Tower; we were relieved that we didn't have to do a go around; and I; as Pilot Monitoring; announced 'Before Landing checklist complete.' The Pilot Flying was in the process of making what seemed to me to be the smoothest landing he's ever made with me when we heard a scraping sound. We had already had 10-15 kts. extra speed due to gusty crosswind conditions; the PF (Pilot Flying) announced 'Go Around'; quickly added power and started a climb. We immediately realized that the gear had not been selected down; but we did not get a gear not down warning alert. Not sure of our intention or the aircraft's ability to fly; I selected gear down and got 3 green down and locked lights. We did a close in downwind leg and low pass to have the Tower see the condition of the gear/aircraft and they said everything appeared to be normal. We did a normal approach; landing and taxi to the ramp parking area. We had problems with the gear warning horn several months in the past; but the problem had been found; fixed and no further problems until this event. The causes of this incident are obvious: Distraction of a preceding slower aircraft; abnormal sequence of flaps selection; adrenaline rushing preparing for a go around; breakdown in proper Crew Resource Management; improper use of landing checklist and announcing (in error) that the Before Landing checklist was complete. It could have all been avoided with a proper Challenge and Response completion of the Before Landing checklist. Fortunately; there were no injuries; damage to the aircraft was minor and no significant damage to the airport runway or other property.
Second reporter narrative
Myself and [Pilot Monitoring] were flying an approach into ZZZ to Runway XXL. I was flying in the left seat of Aircraft X; upon starting the approach I called for 20 degree flaps; gear down; before landing check. My attention was diverted outside; watching a slower airplane landing on the same runway just ahead of us. I was slowing the aircraft to allow the aircraft ahead of us enough time to exit the runway. I then called for flaps to land; and landing check [Pilot Monitoring] called landing check compete. We were both focused on the smaller airplane exiting the runway what appeared to be XY. Upon touch down; I heard a scraping sound and immediately initiated a go around by advancing power to keep the aircraft off of the runway. Upon climb out we noticed that the gear was not extended. We then extended the gear on downwind; came around and did a fly-by the Tower and asked them to take look to verify that the gear was down. Upon confirmation that the gear was down we then went back around for our approach to the runway. We executed a normal approach to landing without further incident. There was a breakdown in CRM and this should have been caught early by the proper challenge and response. There was some outside distraction; but that's no excuse for not double checking the items on the check list on the before landing check and confirming the other pilots actions. We never heard an audible warning and I am still not sure why. I was told that the aircraft in the past has had a problem with this before. To what extreme I am not aware. I am very diligent about CRM and the challenge and response process and on this particular day that did not happen.
Source: NASA Aviation Safety Reporting System (public domain). Reports are voluntary submissions and are not verified by NASA.