Small aircraft pilot reported performing an off airport landing due to fuel exhaustion after experiencing greater than anticipated fuel burn in flight.
Synopsis
Small aircraft pilot reported performing an off airport landing due to fuel exhaustion after experiencing greater than anticipated fuel burn in flight.
Narrative
I was ferrying the plane 150 miles from ZZZ1 to ZZZ. I stopped to refuel at ZZZ2. I ran to the restroom; topped off the plane; preflighted including sumping fuel; picked alternates; and checked weather. Reported winds along my route varied from 170 - 190 at 33 - 37. My planned route was between a heading of 175 - 185. Per the POH; my TAS is 119 MPH; fuel burn at 2500 MSL is 6 gal/hr; and fuel burn at 5000 MSL is 5.5 gal/hr. Climb fuel burn 0 to 5000 is 1.6 gal. including start and run-up. Total usable fuel is 22.5. For my flight plan I rounded up to a 40 kt. direct headwind. I rounded down for 110 MPH airspeed; giving me 70 MPH ground speed. My cruise time came to be 2.1 with an estimated 0.2 climb; total flight time of 2.3 hours.For planned fuel: 22.5 -- 1.6 (climb) -- 12.6 (cruise at 6 gal/hr) -- 4.5 (45-minute fuel reserve) = 3.8 gal (0.6 hours) extra fuel. Totaling 3.6 hours of fuel.During the flight I checked for updated winds throughout my route which all showed no change. I continued to recalculate my ETA throughout the flight; which all came out to landing before I entered my 45-minute reserve. My last calculation was performed 10 miles from the field. I showed that I would land with 0.6 hours fuel reserve left over. I checked the charts for other fields but was between 20 - 30 miles from those fields; and made the decision to continue as I wouldn't reach those airports before I was critically low on fuel. My fuel gauges showed I had approximately 4 - 5 gallons remaining. After making 2-way radio contact with ZZZ Tower; I began my descent into the field. I was cleared to land [Runway] XXL at approximately 5 miles out and shortly after; my engine coughed and sputtered. I was approximately 1100 AGL when this happened. I immediately called Tower as I pitched for best glide and took a survey for landing. I had [a] black area under me and a road about 1 mile to my right. I turned for the road as my engine cut out. I realized it was a fuel problem based on the sound of the shutdown sounding the same as an idle cutoff shutdown. I then performed the following: checked fuel is on; checked mixture rich; carb heat on; [and] tried restarting while pulling primer to try pumping extra fuel into cylinders. When this did not work; I continued announcing to Tower and ran the shutdown checklist: mixture idle cutoff; fuel off; mags off; verified all lights on; and prepped for landing. I cleared a tree and power line about 100 ft. above; lined up with the road; held best glide; watched a power line go 10 ft. over my head; had a vehicle stop behind me; landed on the road without hitting the road signs or light poles; and once stopped I had a small vehicle drive under my wing and another 2 stop in front of me. All with no damage to the aircraft. Not a single scratch. Once on the ground I called Tower to let them know I was not harmed; no damage and I was getting out to move the plane. I got the plane off the road and let Tower know I was out of the road and shutting the plane down. I inspected for damage; checked on the people in the vehicles; while they came to check on me and called my family. When officers arrived on scene I gave them my information and answered all questions. I called the safety team for the airport to discuss how to get the plane on the field. We put the plane on a tow truck and moved it to the airport. Once unloaded; I secured the plane; checked the Hobbs time; reinspected for damage; called the club manager again to inform him of the updated situation; and went home. The total flight time was 3.0. When returning to the plane; I checked fuel levels and sumped before topping off to see if there was a problem. The caps were tightened properly. No particles or water in the sumped fuel and the stick confirmed all fuel was burned off. What contributed to the event: the winds aloft were much higher than listed and my fuel burn per hour was higher than what was stated in the POH. Additional actions taken to prevent this reoccurring: ensuring full tanks before every flight [and] planning fuel stops every 1.5 to 2.0 hours.
Source: NASA Aviation Safety Reporting System (public domain). Reports are voluntary submissions and are not verified by NASA.