Multiengine aircraft pilot reported a runway excursion after touchdown on an ice-covered runway in gusty wind conditions. The pilot reported no damage and no injuries.
Synopsis
Multiengine aircraft pilot reported a runway excursion after touchdown on an ice-covered runway in gusty wind conditions. The pilot reported no damage and no injuries.
Narrative
My flight and route information: ZZZ1 to ZZZ with continuation to ZZZ2 ETE: 29 minutes / Estimated Fuel Burn: 383 pounds / Fuel Onboard: 2;400 pounds / Distance: 94nmWeather Briefing - InitialPROGS: - LO pressure area North with Warm front & TROF extending south through the States forecasting Snow in Location. AIRMETS: ZULU - Possible moderate icing from Surface to 7;000 ft. with Top at 18;000 ft. / TANGO-LO - Possible low-level moderate turbulence / LLWS - Possible low level wind shear at or below 2;000 ft. SKEW-T/LOG-P: ZZZ area - Forecast cloud tops around 7;000 ft.-9;000 ft. / cloud bases around 4;000 ft.-5;000 ft. / wind shear at approximately 2;000 ft. ZZZ1 METAR -: 240@14 / 10sm / CLR / 00 / -05 / A2999 TAF - Not available MOS - 270@23G35 / +6sm / 040 BKN NOTAMS: ZZZ DME OTS / ROTATING BCN - GREEN ONLY. ZZZ METAR -: 230@15 / 10sm / CLR / -01 / -04 / A2985 TAF -: 250@19G30 / 4sm / -SN BLSN / 050 BKN // TEMPO - XA00 to XE00: 1sm / -SN BLSN / 015 BKN** NOTAMS: RUNWAY-XX REIL OTS / ZZZ NDB NOT MONITORED ** Note that there is no mention of Surface/Runway conditions; contamination or FICON reportWeather Briefing - Pre-DepartureZZZ1 (Called ASOS for latest 1-minute report) XA15: 210@13 / 10sm / CLR / 00 / -05 / A2991. ZZZ (Called ASOS for latest 1-minute report) XA17: 270@24G38 / 3/4sm / -SN BR / 028 BKN 047 OVC / 00 / -01 / A2979 Note: Below landing minimums for the ZZZ Runway-XX GPS RNAV Approach which requires 1sm visibility. ZZZ (Called ASOS for latest 1-minute report) XA22: 270@21 / 1/2sm / -SN BR / VV 1;500 ft. / 00 / -01 / A2979 Note: Still below landing minimums for the ZZZ Runway-XX GPS RNAV Approach. Note: Radar was indicating the Snow band was moving southeast and would soon clear the ZZZ areaCalled ZZZ2 Dispatcher to check-in and discuss possible Release when ZZZ weather improved. Reported that my risk assessment was acceptable; Aircraft X had no deferred maintenance items or any maintenance issues and I had 2;400 pounds of fuel onboard. I informed Dispatcher that I was aware of the current weather conditions; forecasts; AIRMET's and NOTAM's. Obviously we would have to wait for the visibility to improve before Release; but Dispatcher gave me a full briefing discussing the AIRMET's and surface winds with the possibility using ZZZ Runway-XY if necessary. We discussed the lack of any NOTAM reporting Surface conditions or FICON. We decided I would continue to monitor the ZZZ visibility for improvement and try to contact ZZZ airport for Surface conditions/FICON then call back for Release. Called ZZZ Airport Manager for Surface conditions/FICON - No answer only voicemail ZZZ (Called ASOS for latest 1-minute report) XA54: 280@21 / 1sm / -SN BR / 011 BKN 045 OVC / 00 / -01 / A2979. Called ZZZ2 Dispatch and reported er that ZZZ had improved to legal landing minimums and the wind was favoring Runway-XX. I informed Dispatcher that I was ready for departure awaiting my cargo and had no concerns for this flight. Dispatcher released our flight for departure.Nearing departure time the delivery driver had not arrived so I called ZZZ2 Dispatcher to determine customer status. Dispatcher said he would find out and call be right back. Dispatcher called and informed me that there wasn't any ZZZ1 cargo and to proceed. Blocked Out. Departed.Contacted ZZZ Center - requested and received ATC IFR clearance direct ZZZ at 8;000 ft. Weather conditions: Light turbulence / Entered IMC approximately 10nm north ZZZ1 / Trace rime ice. Soon after: Unable to receive ZZZ ASOS via Radio / checked NEXRAD weather on aircraft scope - Latest NEXRAD was 26 minutes old /ZZZ ASOS - XB14: 270@20 / 8sm / -SN / 044 OVC / 00 / -01 / A2976. Handed off to next Center sector ZZZ ASOS - XB50: 280@22 / 10sm / 065 BKN 090 OVC / 01 / -01 / A2976Contacted ZZZ Center / Reported level 8;000 ft. and that I had the current ZZZ automated weather; NOTAM's and requested the ZZZ Runway-XX RNAV-GPS. Approach via direct the Initial Approach Fix ZZZZZ. ATC clearedme direct ZZZZZ direct ZZZ Airport and to Standby for Approach clearance. Began Approach briefing and preparation for descent and landing. **Note: I knew I would be 'visual' with ZZZ within minutes based on the Reported ceiling; but continued the plan to use the GPS for a safe approach/descent. ZZZ Center cleared me for the RNAV-GPS Runway-XX Approach into ZZZ to maintain at or above 5;000 ft. until ZZZZZ inbound. Weather conditions: Light occasionally moderate turbulence during initial descent / Entered VMC at 7;400 ft. / Nearing 5;000 ft. - Moderate turbulence. Center cleared me to contact Advisory frequency and to cancel IFR with ZZZ Center or FSS. Advised Center I would cancel inside ZZZZZ which was 10.5 NM from the airport. Switched momentarily to Advisory to activate Runway/Taxiway lights and advise ZZZ traffic of my position then Monitored that frequency. Reported to Center that I had ZZZ airport in sight and was going to continue the GPS-XX Approach and cancel inside ZZZZZ. Approximately 10 nm from ZZZZZ listened to the 1-minute weather update ZZZ ASOS - 290@19 / 9sm / 070 BKN / 095 OVC / 01 / 02 / A2975 Note: Within our aircraft maximum crosswind component of 25 knots. Assured Descent and Approach Checklists were completed. 2 NM from ZZZZZ1 FAF cancelled IFR and switched to Advisory frequency and announce my position to ZZZ traffic. The Approach was stable with Moderate turbulence / Gear down and Landing Checklist complete / Altitude call-outs standardCrosswind correction maintained directional control on runway center line and continued through left main gear touchdown and right main gear touchdown. During touchdown of the nose gear a wind gust caused my aircraft to weathervane to the left and begin to slide sideways. I corrected with opposite rudder and the aircraft re-aligned with the runway center momentarily. A second; stronger gust caused the aircraft to weathervane beyond my control movements of full rudder and full aileron. The aircraft began to slide at an approximate 45 degree angle to the runway. I was unable to correct on the ice-covered / snow-covered surface causing the Nose Wheel excursion into a snow bank adjacent to the west of Runway-XX. I immediately moved both Condition Levers to Cutoff and both Propeller Levers to Feather. Fortunately neither Propeller hit the snowbank. Contacted ZZZ Center and advised of the excursion and that Runway-XX was blocked. Contacted ZZZ2 Dispatcher advising of the situation and that there were no injuries to me and no apparent damage to the aircraft. Note: Upon exiting the aircraft I realized that the main gears were still on the runway surface and only the nose gear had exited the runway. I also realized that the runway surface was covered with a thin layer of ice under approximately 1/2' of crusty snow. I then examined the Propeller tips finding no damage and looked at the Nose Gear and Over-Steering block also finding no damage.Approximately one day later: Further examination of the aircraft by Maintenance Supervisor revealed no damage and aircraft was released for return to service. This mishap happened immediately after touchdown. Runway Surface Contamination: Runway 100% contaminated with Ice and covered with Snow. Estimate FICON NIL-- Not reported / No NOTAM issued regarding Runway conditions. During touchdown a wind gust caused my aircraft to weathervane to the left and begin to slide sideways. I corrected with opposite rudder and aircraft re-aligned with the runway center momentarily. A second; stronger gust caused the aircraft to weathervane beyond my control movements of full rudder and full aileron. The aircraft began to slide at an approximate 45 degree angle to the runway. I was unable to correct on the ice-covered / snow-covered surface causing the Nose Wheel excursion into a snow bank adjacent to the west of Runway-XX. If I had been informed of the Runway Surface conditions being NIL I would have proceeded to my Alternate.At our other small airport Out-Stations we have individuals on-sight at the airports we can call to receive first-hand verbal information regarding surface/runway conditions. This flight into ZZZ is a new destination used sporadically during peak times and only recently did it become a permanent stopover. While running this route; at no time has anyone been available for me to talk to. Calls to the airport manager result in voicemail. We need to find someone available for information. Talking with the airport manager the night of the incident he appeared reluctant to issue any NOTAMS. During the review meeting the Chief Pilot suggested that we might change the training to reflect a higher emphasis on Runway contamination/FICON Reports. Weather-description: Wind: 290@19 & Gusting / Visibility: 9sm / Ceiling: 7000 ft. Broken / Temperature: 0 degrees Celsius / Low Level Wind Shear below 2000 ft. / Moderate Turbulence
Source: NASA Aviation Safety Reporting System (public domain). Reports are voluntary submissions and are not verified by NASA.