A321 Captain reported a safety concern regarding accepting an aircraft with a mechanical issue that restricted ability to operate in icing conditions. The Captain refused the aircraft and a substitute aircraft was assigned.

Narrative

During pre-flight I led at MEL XX-XXX. I noticed the statement The flight crew should take into account the severity of forecast icing conditions." When reviewing the WSI charts our aircraft was dispatched to moderate icing with the potential of severe icing. I discussed with my first officer and both of us agreed that we only had one system that could fail. The moderate icing with the potential for severe icing would be in the descent phase into ZZZ. I went to a private area of the airport to call dispatch and question this MEL; I was hoping they would refuse the aircraft based on mine and the first officer's assessment. I was told the aircraft is legal; are you refusing the airplane. I said yes. The dispatcher was professional during our conversation and quickly found us another airplane.MELs are designed to get the aircraft back to a hub base for repairs. This aircraft should not be flying around with this MEL period! This plane came from ZZZ1 and should have been fixed there on the over night in ZZZ1 with a class 1 maintenance base. This plane was dispatched to a known icing destination with a warning in the MEL "The flight crew should take into account the severity of forecast icing conditions." If the other bleed valve failed; we would not have wing anti-protection."