A C172 pilot reported they lost control of the aircraft on final approach due to severe turbulence and wind shear.

Narrative

I was on a cross country flight from ZZZ to ZZZ1 ZZZ2 back to ZZZ. Enroute to ZZZ1 100 miles West my alternator amps dropped to -20 and would not get more than -2.5. I decided to divert and land at ZZZ3. I called my instructor and he talked to maintenance they got back to me within 30 minutes and told me that it has been a continual problem that they think a sensor has been bad but as long as my volts are not dropping; I am ok. Since my volts were maintaining 28.2 the entire time; I decided to continue the flight. I flew to ZZZ1 fueled up and continued my flight back towards ZZZ2 I arrived with no issues. I landed and departed direct back to ZZZ enroute to ZZZ I hit what I reported to be severe turbulence due to the complete loss of control of the aircraft. There was no structural damage at that time that I could report. I immediately started looking for the closest airport with the best weather to land. ZZZ was still the most favorable airport to land at. I'm decent to the airport I got changed over to tower. With the winds being 010 @ 20 G28kts Tower asked if I would like to land [Runway] XX. I said yes. He then gave me a recommended heading of 300 to line me up with a 5-mile final into RW XX. One to two miles before I was lined up with final at 1000' AGL I hit severe wind shear immediately rolling the plane to the right into a nosedive spiral I immediately cut the throttle; inputted left rudder fully; and Max back pressure and held these controls while also making urgent situation call on tower frequency. As the plane started to level at 300' AGL I still felt no control over the Yaw and was talking to ATC on a place to land besides the airport. During this I regained control and stability of the aircraft and immediately headed back too runway XX climbing back to safe altitude. I Landed With 10 degrees of flaps @ 88 kts. Taxied off the runway back to parking. I think this incident may have been avoidable if I would have turned back to ZZZ after having the initial alternator sensor problem.