A Center controller reported when an unmanned balloon was launched into their airspace they were not provided position or altitude reports of the balloon resulting in potential NMACs with enroute aircraft.

Narrative

I was at least 10 aircraft over capacity due to TMU (Traffic Management Unit) re-routing 6-10 aircraft into my airspace to avoid another busy airspace. I had intermittent to continuous light turbulence and altitudes with sigmets for severe turbulence FL340-FL430. Conditions were IMC all altitudes. While giving 3-4 clearances into and 3-4 clearances out of ZZZ with no d side. My supervisor told me a weather balloon was just released around ZZZ1 airport and was climbing east bound. At this time I had approximately 12-15 aircraft headed that direction who were IMC and all needed updates. I asked my supervisor at least 15 times to give me updates on altitude and position of balloon climbing into a dozen IMC aircraft's face. I had to take my attention away from my over capacity over complex over worked sector to beg for updates of this balloon from my supervisor that was just sitting at supervisor desk.Numerous aircraft asked for vectors around it for avoidance due to being IMC and not knowing what or where the balloon was at. I also had to inform sector X due to my supervisor and their supervisor not telling each other about it so that caused me to go offline and update them 4-5 times. I ask my Supervisor does X know about this and he said did you send them a tag. It was in their airspace and on the boundary of mine. I told him he needs to tell them and coordinate with them as well. I don't know if he ever did. When me the controller is this busy and over worked is begging for updates of a unknown balloon to avoid a mid-air collision from over a dozen aircraft from a supervisor that doesn't give a crap or doesn't understand the severity of the situation is completely unacceptable. I also got to the point of asking for updates when it was going to pop and was told oh yea maybe 10-15 minutes over ZZZ2. I had 2 aircraft what we're going to be there at that time and was told by my supervisor if he got distracted to ask him for updates; the whole time he was at the supervisor desk talking to another supervisor.