ACR X NON ADHERENCE TO ATC CLRNC MISSED TXWY AND HAD TO TAXI ON NON LOAD BEARING TXWY.

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ACR X CLRED TO 'TAXI TO RWY 4 AND CROSS RWY 28 ON TXWY B.' THE TXWY MARKINGS WERE COVERED BY SNOW AND BLOWING SNOW AND TXWY B FROM C TO RWY 28 WAS PLOWED ONLY ON THE L SIDE OF THE TXWY. BECAUSE OF THE COMBINATION OF BLOWING SNOW; OFF CTR PLOWING; AND COVERED AND OBSCURED TXWY MARKINGS; IT TOOK EXTREME CAUTION TO TAXI. WE CROSSED RWY 28 FOLLOWING THE 'B' SIGNS AND LOOKING FOR THE R TURN WE HAD TO MAKE. AT THIS TIME; GND CTL CALLED US AND TOLD US WE HAD TO MAKE THE NEXT TURN AT TXWY E AND HOLD SHORT OF TXWY A FOR SNOW PLOWS. AT THIS TIME; I CHKED MY ARPT DIAGRAM AND SAW A SMALL NOTATION 'TXWY E MAX GROSS WT 65000 LBS.' IT THEN BECAME CLR TO ME THAT AFTER XING RWY 28 THE VISIBILITY RESTRS OF BLOWING SNOW AND THE CONCENTRATION IT TOOK TO STAY IN THE CTR OF THE TXWY HAD CAUSED US TO PASS TXWY A WHERE WE NORMALLY WOULD HAVE TURNED R. ALSO; TXWY A WAS NOT PLOWED WHERE IT INTERCEPTS TXWY B SO IT DID NOT CATCH OUR ATTN. I CAN THINK OF SEVERAL THINGS THAT WOULD AVOID THIS HAPPENING AGAIN. THE FIRST THING WOULD BE TO PUT ANY TXWY RESTRS ON THE ARPT DIAGRAM IN BOLD FACE LARGE TYPE WITH SOME SORT OF ATTN GETTING DETAIL; PERHAPS ARROWS OR A RED COLOR. A SECOND THING WOULD BE TO ADD THE INFO TO OUR AIRLINE'S ARPT INFO PAGE IN OUR COMMERCIAL CHART MANUALS. ALSO; WE SHOULD HAVE CTLRS MAKE SURE THAT THEY SPECIFY EVERY TXWY IN THE CLRNC; IE; TAXI TO RWY 4 VIA TXWY C TO CROSS RWY 28 AT TXWY B THEN R TURN AT TXWY A; RATHER THAN TAXI TO RWY 4 CROSS RWY 28 AT TXWY B. ALSO; PERHAPS THERE SHOULD BE A SIGN ON TXWY B AT TXWY A TO WARN PLTS OF THE RESTR ON TXWY E. SUPPLEMENTAL INFO FROM ACN 297524: ON INITIAL CALL TO GND CTL FOR TAXI; WE WERE TOLD TO TAXI TO RWY 4; CROSS RWY 28 AT BRAVO. THIS WE DID AND CONTINUED DOWN BRAVO TO TURN R ON TXWY E TO TXWY A TO RWY 4. AS WE TAXIED S ON TXWY B; GND TOLD US TO TURN R ON TXWY E AND HOLD SHORT OF TXWY A FOR SNOW REMOVAL TRUCKS. ONCE CLR OF THE LAST TRUCK; WE WERE CLRED L ON TXWY A TO RWY 4 APCH END. CALLBACK CONVERSATION WITH FACILITY ASSISTANT REVEALED THE FOLLOWING INFO: ATM STATED THE TXWY UNDERLAY BASE IS THE REASON ACFT ARE RESTR. THIS IS TO PREVENT BREAKDOWN OF THE TXWY BUT CAN BE USED ON A NEED TO BASIS. HE ALSO STATED GND CTLR PHRASEOLOGY WOULD HAVE BEEN TAXI TO RWY 4 VIA TXWY B AND TXWY A; CROSS RWY 28 AT TXWY B.