F10 CREW CONCERNED ABOUT PROX TO TERRAIN ON APCH TO RWY 18 AT BHM.

Date: 1999-05 · Aircraft: Fokker 100

Anomalies: inflight-event-encounter-cftt-cfit|other-apch-path-obst-ruction

Synopsis

F10 CREW CONCERNED ABOUT PROX TO TERRAIN ON APCH TO RWY 18 AT BHM.

Narrative

THE APCH TO RWY 18 AT BHM IS MARGINALLY SAFE AT BEST AND IS A SETUP FOR AN ACCIDENT AT WORST. RWY 5/23 WAS CLOSED FROM XA00Z TO XK00Z. AS A RESULT; WE BRIEFED THE LOC RWY 18 APCH. IT WAS MY FO'S LEG AND NEITHER OF US HAD FLOWN TO THIS RWY BEFORE. WE WERE BOTH ACUTELY AWARE OF THE HIGH TERRAIN TO THE N OF THE FIELD AND PAID PARTICULAR ATTN TO THAT FACT IN OUR APCH BRIEFING. THE ONLY DEPICTION OF THE HIGH TERRAIN IS ON THE ARPT PAGE. THE WX WAS CLR WITH EXCELLENT VISIBILITY. BHM APCH CLRED US FOR THE VISUAL BUT WE INDICATED WE WANTED TO INTERCEPT THE FINAL OUTSIDE OF BASKIN AND FLY THE FINAL PART OF THE LOC 18 APCH. ALTHOUGH NOT LISTED ON THE APCH PAGE; THERE IS A PAPI ON THE L SIDE OF RWY 18 WHICH HAS BEEN IN USE FOR ABOUT 1 YR. WE CALCULATED THE APPROPRIATE VDP BASED ON TIMING AS WELL AS ON THE IBXO DME. FROM THE VDP IT WAS CLR TO US THAT IF THE FIELD WAS NOT IN SIGHT AT THE 1300 FT ALT AT THE IBXO 3.3 DME; IT WOULD NOT BE POSSIBLE TO COMPLETE THE APCH SAFELY. THE PAPI WAS VISIBLE FROM THE 3.3 DME AND WE BEGAN A 700 FPM DSCNT WHEN ON GS. THE FO AND I WERE BOTH BOTHERED BY THE CLOSE VISUAL PROX OF THE GND WHILE ON THE FINAL STAGES OF THE APCH. AT ABOUT 1 MI FROM TOUCHDOWN; A CAR PASSED UNDER US ON AN E/W ROAD. IT WAS BTWN 100 FT AND 80 FT AGL. I AGAIN VERIFIED VISUALLY THAT WE WERE ON THE PAPI GLIDE PATH AND THAT THE GLIDE PATH WAS VISUALLY CORRECT WITH THE RWY VISUAL PRESENTATION. IT WAS CLR THAT WE WERE CORRECT AND THE RADIO ALTIMETER THEN BEGAN TO SHOW THE GND DROPPING AWAY A BIT. WE PASSED OVER THE THRESHOLD AT 50 FT AGL HAVING BEEN CTRED ON THE GLIDE PATH THE ENTIRE TIME. BY USE OF THE FT SCALE AND THE GRAPHIC PRESENTATION ON THE ARPT PAGE; I BELIEVE THE RADIO ALTIMETER WAS ACCURATE AND THAT WE WERE ON OR EVEN SLIGHTLY ABOVE THE GLIDE PATH WHEN WE HAD THE 80-100 FT READING. HOW HIGH ARE THE TREES ON THAT HILL? ALTHOUGH THE APCH AND LNDG WERE UNEVENTFUL; THE FOLLOWING PROBS ARE PRESENTED: 1) THERE IS NO NOTE ABOUT THE EXTREMELY CLOSE PROX TO HIGH TERRAIN WHEN ON THIS APCH. THE MANDATORY ARPT REVIEW PAGE DOES NOT ADDRESS RWY 18 OR RWY 36. 2) THERE IS NO PAPI DEPICTED IN COMMERCIAL CHART DESPITE HAVING BEEN IN SVC FOR ABOUT 1 YR ACCORDING TO THE BHM TWR. 3) USING A 3 DEG GS AND AN AIM POINT 1000 FT DOWN RWY 18; THE 884 FT TERRAIN 4000 FT N OF THE FIELD CALCULATES TO A HT ABOVE GND OF LESS THAN 100 FT. TREES ARE OF COURSE NOT INCLUDED IN THIS CALCULATION. 4) RWY 18 SLOPES DOWN TO THE S AND COMPLICATES THE LNDG. A 7100 FT RWY MEANS A 6100 FT AREA TO STOP IN AND THE DOWNSLOPE TENDS TO HAVE THE EFFECT OF FALLING AWAY FROM AN ACFT IN THE FLARE. UNLESS YOU FLY IT ON TO THE RWY FAIRLY AGGRESSIVELY; THE DISTANCE COULD BE EVEN LESS. 5) NOTAM 11/023 RPTS RWY 18 IS UNGROOVED FROM 1550 TO 2490. NOTAM 11/024 RPTS RWY 36 IS UNGROOVED FROM 4610-5550 FT. THIS OBVIOUSLY WOULD HAVE AN AFFECT ON STOPPING UNDER MOST INST CONDITIONS; IE; A WET RWY. I RESPECTFULLY SUBMIT THE FOLLOWING RECOMMENDATION: DISCONTINUE USE OF RWY 18 FOR COMPANY OPS DUE TO THE HIGH TERRAIN PRESENT UNDER THE NORMAL GLIDE PATH. THIS IS A DANGEROUS APCH SO PROHIBIT IT. IF THE USE OF RWY 18 IS NOT PROHIBITED; THEN I MAKE THE FOLLOWING RECOMMENDATIONS: 1) INCLUDE A PICTURE OF THE RWY 18 AND RWY 36 APCHS ON THE MANDATORY ARPT REVIEW PAGES. 2) INCLUDE SPECIFIC NOTES ON THE OPS PAGES ABOUT THE HIGH TERRAIN TO THE N GIVING RADIO ALTIMETER READINGS OF 80-100 FT; 1 MI N OF THE FIELD. 3) RESTRICT USE OF RWY 18 TO DAY VFR CONDITIONS ONLY AND REQUIRE THE LOC RWY 18 APCH BE FLOWN. 4) UPDATE THE BHM PAGE FORTHWITH TO SHOW THE PAPI FOR RWY 18. TO BE BLUNT; I WILL NOT FLY TO THIS RWY IN THE WX OR TO A WET RWY. IF IT IS THE ONLY RWY OPEN IN THOSE CONDITIONS I WILL DIVERT. CALLBACK CONVERSATION WITH RPTR REVEALED THE FOLLOWING INFO: THE RPTR STATES THAT HE HAS FOLLOWED UP WITH COMPANY; AND THEY HAVE ISSUED A PROHIBITION AGAINST USING RWYS 18/36 EXCEPT DURING DAY VFR CONDITIONS. HE ALSO STATED THAT HE DID NOT SEE THE ROTATING BEACON ON THE HILL APPROX 1 MI FROM THE RWY. THE GPWS INDICATION DID NOT SHOW ANY RED DURING THE APCH; BUT VARIED FROM GREEN TO AMBER. THE FO WAS FLYING THE APCH AND THE CAPT MONITORED THE DSCNT. HE SAID THAT THEY DID NOT EXCEED ABOUT 700 FPM RATE THROUGHOUT THE FINAL APCH; AND THAT AFTER LNDG; BOTH PLTS DEBRIEFED THEIR IMPRESSIONS TO EACH OTHER. THEY FELT THAT THEY HAD TAKEN PRUDENT PRECAUTIONS; BUT THAT THIS APCH WAS HAZARDOUS.

Source: NASA Aviation Safety Reporting System (public domain). Reports are voluntary submissions and are not verified by NASA.