M20P PLT RAN A TANK OUT OF GAS AND WAS UNABLE TO RESTART THE ENG AFTER SWITCHING TANKS TO A TANK WITH FUEL.

Date: 2001-11 · Aircraft: M-20 K (231) / Encore · Phase: cruise

Anomalies: deviation-discrepancy-procedural-far|deviation-discrepancy-procedural-published-material-policy|other-tank-ran-out-of-gas

Synopsis

M20P PLT RAN A TANK OUT OF GAS AND WAS UNABLE TO RESTART THE ENG AFTER SWITCHING TANKS TO A TANK WITH FUEL.

Narrative

I DEPARTED ZZZ AT APPROX 25 MINS BEFORE THE INCIDENT OCCURRED ON NOV/XA/01. I HAD A PLT ON BOARD WHO WANTED TO BUY INTO MY ACFT AS A PARTNER. WE WENT THROUGH AN EXTENSIVE PREFLT PRIOR TO DEP IN ORDER TO FAMILIARIZE HIM WITH THIS NEW-TO-HIM AIRPLANE. WE SPECIFICALLY LOOKED AT THE FUEL MEASUREMENTS (IT SHOWED 20 GALLONS ON EACH GAUGE) AND DECIDED THAT 40 GALLONS WOULD BE SUFFICIENT FOR THE PLANNED 30-45 MIN FLT. I HAD JUST LANDED THE ACFT AND A FUEL COMPUTER INDICATED APPROX 30 GALLONS OF FUEL ON BOARD. ON TKOF; ALL WAS FINE; AND WE PROCEEDED TO A PRACTICE AREA ABOUT 10 MI NW OF ZZZ AIRSPACE. WE WENT OVER NUMBERS (MANIFOLD PRESSURE; RPM) TO USE FOR CLBOUT AND IN LEVEL FLT. WE DISCUSSED DSCNT AND SHOCK COOLING. WE THEN DID SOME PRELIMINARY AIR WORK TO GIVE THE PROSPECTIVE BUYER A FEEL OF THE AIRPLANE. AFTER 4 180 DEG TO 360 DEG TURNS AT 10-28 DEGS; WE WENT INTO LEVEL FLT AND DISCUSSED V SPDS AS WE THROTTLED BACK SLOWLY TO 22 DEGS MANIFOLD PRESSURE. DURING ONE OF THE LAST TURNS; THE R LOW FUEL LIGHT CAME ON. WE DISCUSSED AND DECIDED THAT WE WOULD CONTINUE WITH THE R TANK SO THAT WE WOULD DEFINITELY HAVE A L TANK WITH FULLER FUEL AT THE TIME OF LNDG. FROM PREVIOUS EXPERIENCE OF FILLING THE TANK AFTER A LOW FUEL LIGHT HAD COME ON; I HAD FOUND ABOUT 8 GALLONS WERE LEFT IN THE TANK. I TOLD THE PAX WE WOULD FLY A FEW MINS MORE AND THEN SWITCH TANKS. DURING LEVEL FLT AND APPROX 3 MINS LATER; THE ENG DIED. MY FIRST REACTION WAS TO SWITCH TANKS AND RESTART THE ENG. I PROCEEDED TO DO THIS AFTER ESTABLISHING BEST GLIDE SPD AND SIMULTANEOUSLY POINTING THE PLANE TOWARD THE NEAREST ARPT. THERE WAS NO HINT OF RESTART AS I TRIED TO READJUST THE THROTTLE. I TRIED THE PRIMER SWITCH AND GOT NO RESPONSE; SO I TRIED THE LOW BOOST SWITCH AND EVENTUALLY THE HIGH BOOST SWITCH. WHEN THE PWR WENT OUT; WE WERE AT APPROX 3300 FT ALT OVER THE GND. I KNEW THAT THE CLOSEST ARPT WAS NOT ATTAINABLE AFTER ABOUT 1 MIN OF FLT; SO I SPENT MY TIME TRYING TO RESTART THE ENG; HOLDING BEST GLIDE SPD AND COURSE TOWARD THIS TOO DISTANT ARPT. I CHKED CIRCUIT BREAKERS; THROTTLE MIXTURE; PROP; AND IGNITION -- ALL TO NO AVAIL. AT 1200 FT AGL; I DECIDED THAT RESTART WAS NOT MY MAIN CONCERN AND I NEEDED TO PICK A LNDG SITE. WE FOUND A ROAD WITH FEW CARS AND SET UP TO LAND ON THIS SMALL; DEAD END COUNTRY ROAD. AT ABOUT 800 FT AGL; MY PAX LOUDLY AND FIRMLY SAID 'PWR LINES; BOTH SIDES! PWR LINES; BOTH SIDES!' I IMMEDIATELY BROKE OFF THE ROAD APCH AND SIDESTEPPED OVER TO A PLOWED FIELD ADJACENT TO THE ROAD. I HAD DEPLOYED MY LNDG GEAR FOR THE ROAD LNDG AND LEFT THE GEAR DOWN. I NOTICED I WAS GOING CROSS FURLOUGHS BUT DECIDED NOT TO TURN 90 DEGS AT THE LAST MIN. I TRIED TO MAINTAIN 70 KTS AND GRADUALLY TOUCHED AT STALL SPD. I TOLD THE PAX TO POP THE DOOR AND I TURNED OFF THE MASTER; IGNITION AND FUEL. AS THE PLANE TOUCHED DOWN; DIRT FLEW INTO THE OPEN DOOR OF THE CABIN AND WE QUICKLY ARRESTED TO A STOP ABOUT 150 FT LATER. THE FIELD WAS VERY SOFT PEAT AND THE WHEELS SUNK INTO THE GND; AND ONE COLLAPSED. THE FINAL STOP WAS ABRUPT WHEN THE NOSE SETTLED ALMOST WITH AN IMPACT TO THE GND. WE WERE BOTH FINE AND UNHURT. A FARMER IN A PICKUP DROVE OVER TO THE SITE AND OFFERED ASSISTANCE. WE GATHERED THINGS OUT OF THE PLANE; CALLED WIVES (NOT HOME); PICKED UP DEBRIS (TIRE AND WHEEL COVER) AND WENT TO THE HOME OF THE FARMER WHO WORKED THE LAND TO RPT THAT WE WERE FINE AND THE PLANE WAS IN THE FIELD. WE DROVE TO THE PERSPECTIVE BUYER'S HOUSE AND HIS WIFE TOOK US TO RETRIEVE OUR CARS AT THE ARPT. I CALLED MY FLT INSTRUCTOR; MECH AND THE LCL SHERIFF UPON RETURNING HOME. UPON REFLECTION OF WHAT TRANSPIRED; I HAVE REALIZED THAT IN EMER SITS; I WAS WELL TRAINED AND REMAINED CALM AND ALERT THROUGHOUT THE ORDEAL. ALTHOUGH I HAVE AN EMER PROC LIST AT MY FINGER-TIPS; I DID NOT USE IT DUE TO THE LOW ALT AND PRECIOUS LITTLE TIME. I MIGHT HAVE PULLED IT OUT AND GIVEN IT TO THE PAX AS HE COULD HAVE QUICKLY REVIEWED IT TO CHK ANYTHING I MAY HAVE MISSED. ALTHOUGH I STILL BELIEVE WE HAD SUFFICIENT FUEL TO DO WHAT WE HAD PLANNED; IT WOULD HAVE BEEN PRUDENT TO ADD FUEL PRIOR TO THIS FLT. IT WAS SUGGESTED TO ME THAT PERHAPS WITH LOW FUEL; THE FUEL LINE 'UNPORTED AND SUCKED AIR INTO THE LINES.' THIS APPARENTLY HAS BEEN RPTED IN BONANZAS; BUT IS NOT FOUND IN THE M20K POH. I MIGHT HAVE CHOSEN THE INTERSTATE HWY TO LAND MY PLANE; POSSIBLY TARGETING THE MEDIAN AREA. HOWEVER; DUE TO THE LARGE VOLUME OF TFC; I FELT A COUNTRY ROAD OR FIELD WAS THE BETTER CHOICE. I HAD JUST RETURNED FROM A TRIP TO SAN DIEGO AND HAD FLOWN 45 MINS OF A 2 HR TRIP IN HARD IMC. I MAY HAVE BEEN TIRED AND COULD HAVE REACTED FASTER; BUT THE OUTCOME WOULD HAVE BEEN THE SAME. MAYBE I SHOULD HAVE LOOKED SOONER OR LONGER FOR A BETTER LNDG SITE INSTEAD OF TRYING SO HARD FOR A RESTART. I DID NOT USE FLAPS NOR RETRACT THE LNDG GEAR ON LNDG. THE SUDDEN SWITCH TO THE PLOWED FIELD INSTEAD OF USING THE ROAD DISTR MY ATTN. THE USE OF FLAPS WOULD HAVE LOWERED THE STALL SPD AND A BELLY LNDG WOULD HAVE MINIMIZED SOME OF THE EXTENSIVE DAMAGE TO THE LNDG GEAR. IN MANY WAYS; HAVING THE PERSPECTIVE BUYER ON BOARD WAS A FORTUNATE THING. CHKLISTS AND FINE ATTN TO DETAILS OF FLYING THE AIRPLANE WERE HIGHLIGHTED VERBALLY AS I WAS TEACHING AND EXPLAINING THE OP OF THIS PARTICULAR AIRPLANE. 2 TRAINED PLTS WERE PAYING ATTN TO GAUGES; HISTORY AND PERFORMANCE EXPECTATIONS WERE BEING DISCUSSED AND EVENTS AND REACTIVE PROCS WERE OBSERVED BY BOTH SIMULTANEOUSLY.

Source: NASA Aviation Safety Reporting System (public domain). Reports are voluntary submissions and are not verified by NASA.