CE560 FLT CREW DOES NOT CHECK FUEL PRIOR TO DEPARTURE AND DISCOVERS THEY HAVE NOT BEEN REFUELED AT FL230. EMERGENCY IS DECLARED WITH LANDING AT NEAREST SUITABLE ARPT.

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FLT CREW RPTED FOR DUTY AND PLACED A FUEL ORDER FOR 205 GALS PER SIDE (410 GALS TOTAL) OF JET A AND PRIST. PIC ASKED IF ACFT HAD BEEN FUELED AND WAS TOLD THAT IT HAD. PIC PAID FOR FUEL; TOOK RECEIPT; AND WAITED FOR PAX. LATER; SIC INFORMED PIC THAT PREFLT WAS FINISHED AND THE ACFT WAS READY FOR THE TKOF AND RETURN TO ZZZ. ACFT WAS STARTED AND TAXIED FOR A TKOF AT XA16 WITH ALL CHKLIST COMPLETED WITH AN UNEVENTFUL TAXI; TKOF; DEP; AND INTERMEDIATE LEVELOFF AT FL230. APPROX XA26; PIC NOTICED THAT BOTH FUEL GAUGES READ APPROX 650 LBS PER SIDE (1300 LBS TOTAL). PIC ASKED SIC IF HE HAD EVER SEEN THE 4400 LBS FUEL LOAD ON BOARD OR FUEL DISPENSED. WITH A NEGATIVE ANSWER; PIC TOLD SIC TO DECLARE AN EMER WITH CTR; ASK FOR VECTORS TO NEAREST ARPT; AND AN IMMEDIATE DSCNT. PIC REDUCED PWR TO FLT IDLE AND DID A DSCNT INTO ZZZ1 TO INTERCEPT THE ILS XX TO A FULL STOP LNDG AT XA45 AND SHUTDOWN AT XA47 WITH APPROX 500 LBS PER SIDE (1000 LBS TOTAL). APPROX XB00; PIC CALLED FBO AND DETERMINED THAT FUEL HAD NEVER BEEN DISPENSED. PIC NOTIFIED COMPANY; HAD ACFT FUELED; AND FLEW BACK TO ZZZ. PIC FELT RUSHED WITH AN UNFAMILIAR TAXI; LATE TKOF; AND BUSY DEP PROCS FOR RWY XX TO AVOID CLASS B AIRSPACE BUT WAS CONFIDENT THAT THE ACFT WAS FUELED AND READY. PIC BROKE HIS HABIT PATTERN OF VISUALLY CONFIRMING ALL CHKLIST ITEMS; EVEN SIC ITEMS. PIC DISCOVERED THE PROB WHEN THE WORKLOAD DECREASED AT THE FIRST LEVELOFF. PIC WILL RETURN TO A PATTERN OF RECHKING ALL CHKLIST ITEMS AND HAS ASKED COMPANY TO ADD 'FUEL' TO PRETKOF CHKS.