FORCED LNDG MADE WHEN ENGINE FAILED DUE TO FUEL STARVATION.

Narrative

ON 11/TUE/88 I CONDUCTED A CROSS COUNTRY FLT FROM EYW TO PALM BEACH COUNTY PARK (LANTANA LNA) AND BACK. I WAS FLYING AN SMA. THE FLT TO LANTANA WAS UNEVENTFUL. ON THE RETURN TRIP; 2 MI FROM EYW; THE ENG FAILED. AN OFF ARPT LNDG WAS MADE WITH NO INJURY TO PAX OR DAMAGE TO THE ACFT. THE REASON FOR ENG FAILURE WAS FUEL STARVATION. A DETAILED FLT PERFORMANCE PLAN INDICATES THAT THE FLT SHOULD HAVE EASILY BEEN MADE EVEN WITH CONSERVATIVE FIGURES AND STILL HAD THE VFR NIGHT RESERVE REQUIREMENTS. A CERTIFIED A & P MECHANIC INSPECTED THE ACFT AND FOUND THE FUEL DRAINS TO HAVE A TENDENCY TO STICK PARTIALLY OPEN WHEN DRAINING FUEL. THIS COULD HAVE CAUSED A SIPHONING EFFECT DURING FLT. FLT DATA PARTICULARS: TOTAL FUEL: 34 GALS (17 PER SIDE); ALL USABLE. VISUALLY CONFIRMED ON PREFLT. FUEL BURN FOR 150 HP. ENG; 8 GAL/HR (LEANED). ADD 1 GAL EACH WAY FOR CLB. TIME AND DISTANCE: 155 NM EACH WAY. TIME FROM EYW TO LNA 1 HR; 27 MINS. COMPLETED FIRST LEG NO PROB. TIME FROM LNA TO ENG FAILURE 1 HR; 19 MINS. WIND: QUARTERING HEADWIND 10 KTS (EYW TO LNA). QUARTERING TAILWIND 10 KTS (LNA TO EYW). PAX: 1 GOING TO LANTANA 3 RETURNING. ALT: 5000' TO LNA; 2500' TO EYW. NOTE: FIRST LEG WAS COMPLETED ON RIGHT TANK; THEN SWITCHED TO LEFT TANK FOR RETURN FLT. ALL TIMES ARE FROM ENG START TO ENG SHUTDOWN. I FEEL THIS PROB WAS CAUSED BY FUEL SIPHONING FROM DRAINS DURING FLT. LESSONS I HAVE LEARNED FROM THIS INCIDENT: ENSURE THAT FUEL DRAINS ARE NOT LEAKING AFTER CHKING FUEL. BE WARY OF FACTORY RECOMMENDED FUEL BURN RATES; ESPECIALLY ON OLDER ENGS. ESTABLISH YOUR OWN. IN THE FUTURE I WILL USE MORE THAN A 45 MINS RESERVE. ALSO I COULD HAVE FILLED THE AUX TANK WHICH HOLDS 12 GALS SINCE WT OR CG WAS NOT A FACTOR ON THE FIRST LEG; OR I COULD HAVE TAKEN ON FUEL IN LNA OR MADE A FUEL STOP SOMEWHERE ELSE. CALLBACK CONVERSATION WITH RPTR REVEALED THE FOLLOWING: RPTR SAID THAT WHEN ENG FAILED HE SWITCHED FROM THE LEFT TANK BACK TO THE RIGHT TANK. ENG THEN RAN FOR ABOUT 30 SECS BEFORE FAILING AGAIN. BOTH TANKS WERE DRY WHEN CHKED. HE LANDED ON A NAVAL MUNITIONS DUMP ON A SMALL ISLAND THAT HE WAS FAMILIAR WITH. HE SAID THE FAA IS GIVING HIM A HARD TIME AND HE HAS CONTACTED A LAWYER.