Air Carrier Captain reported 'Noxious and Toxic' fumes during approach. The flight continued and executed a safe landing during which the flight crew and passengers experienced physiological symptoms. At the arrival gate the aircraft was removed from service by maintenance

Narrative

Fumes event during flight. Noxious and toxic fumes filled the entire aircraft cabin and flight-deck during approach and landing/taxi. All occupants onboard were exposed to these fumes for more than 18 minutes. My crew of 6 and I experienced varying degrees of significant symptoms including; sore throat; burning runny eyes; hoarse vocals; light headedness; dizziness; concentration issues and breathing irritation during and immediately following this event. I used supplemental oxygen when I realized that the fumes were getting worse. I remained on O2 through landing. During deplaning I overheard several passengers concerns of exposure to toxic chemicals and fumes during flight.I made a logbook entry clearly stating we had a Heavy Noxious Fumes Event. After a brief post flight inspection of the engines maintenance techs discovered potential mechanical disintegration of an engine resulting in large metal fragments present in the oil. They grounded the aircraft for engine replacement saying 'This plane has major problems!' The maintenance staff smelt the residual toxic fumes on board. I don't think I bought off on previous fumes events entirely. I'm a believer now! This event was dangerous and could have been much worse. We were fortunate to land safely. Even though we just had this significant fumes event; my crew and I were encouraged by the Company to reluctantly fly another scheduled leg that same evening without evaluation by a medical professional. When queried on fumes exposure processes or procedures and med evaluation; company reps told me they didn't think any existed. When I spoke with MedAire at my hotel on my symptoms I was told I should not have flown after the fumes exposure.