CREW OF B757 DEPARTING FOREIGN ARPT NOT IN DATABASE; USE NONSTANDARD METHODS TO PROGRAM FMC AND ALIGN IRS'S. CAN'T FIND COURSE LINE AND RETURN TO DEP ARPT.

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I WAS THE PF SO AFTER PREFLT CHKS I TURNED THE IRS TO ALIGN AND ENTERED THE ACFT LOCATION OFF OF MY ARPT DIAGRAM LATITUDE/LONGITUDE POS. I THEN ATTEMPTED TO ENTER OUR DEP ARPT IN THE FMS. IT WOULD NOT ENTER AND THEREFORE WE DID NOT HAVE THE TKOF ARPT FOR REF. I HAVE FOUND THIS IS NOT AN UNUSUAL OCCURRENCE AS WE FLY ALL OVER THE WORLD AND MOST OF THE TIME EITHER THE TKOF OR LNDG ARPT (OR BOTH) IS NOT IN THE DATABASE. (THIS IS VERY FRUSTRATING AS IT LEADS TO THE FLT CREW BUILDING WAYPOINT AFTER WAYPOINT ON VERY COMPLICATED EUROPEAN ARRS MOSTLY 100-200 MI OUT BECAUSE WE DON'T HAVE ACARS AND NEED TO ATTAIN THE ATIS BEFORE WE KNOW WHICH ARR AND RWY IS IN USE.) FOR THE FMS TO OPERATE CORRECTLY IT MUST HAVE A TKOF ARPT THEREFORE WE TRY TO FIND THE CLOSEST (OTHER) ARPT. SOMETIMES THIS CAN BE ALMOST 1000 MI AWAY AND VERY CLOSE TO OUR DEST. I FOUND ROME TO BE THE CLOSEST ARPT. THIS THEN CAUSES THE FMS FLT PLAN TOTAL MILEAGE TO BE SEVERAL HUNDRED TO A THOUSAND MI OFF OF THE PAPER FLT PLAN DATA. I HAVE NEVER HAD ANY OFFICIAL TRAINING ON HOW THE FMS WORKS WHEN YOU HAVE TO USE A NON-STANDARD TKOF ARPT. DURING ALL OUR TRAINING IN THE SIMULATOR THE FMS ALWAYS HAD THE ARPT WE DEPARTED. SO MUCH OF WHAT I HAVE LEARNED OF HOW IT OPERATES HAS BEEN FROM PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE ON THE LINE. AT THAT POINT EVERYTHING WAS FINISHED UP AND WE HANDED OUT OUR PAPERWORK AND TOLD THE CABIN TO CLOSE. WE RAN OUR CHKLISTS AND STARTED THE ENGS. WE RECEIVED TAXI CLRNC. ONCE ON THE PARALLEL TXWY THEY CALLED US TO COPY OUR CLRNC WHICH I DID. I BRIEFED THE DEP AND EMER PROCS. I VERIFIED OUR V2 SPD; HDG; ALT AND FIRST FIX FROM THE FMS. WE CROSSED A RWY AND AFTER WHAT WAS A VERY SHORT TAXI WERE GIVEN POS AND HOLD ON THE RWY. I TOOK THE ACFT AND PROCEEDED TO TAKE OFF AND FLY THE DEP TURNING TO AN INITIAL HDG OF 023 DEGS TO INTERCEPT A RADIAL. WHEN I LOOKED AT MY NAV DISPLAY I DID NOT SEE THE RADIAL DISPLAY. THEREFORE I KNEW I COULD NOT INTERCEPT IN LNAV. I TOLD THE CAPT WHAT I SAW AND INFORMED HER I WAS SWITCHING TO RAW DATA. SELECTING VOR AND TUNING (ALREADY TUNED) THE RADIAL. I FLEW THE PLANE USING RAW DATA UNTIL WE REACHED A SAFE ALT TO BEGIN TROUBLESHOOTING. THE CAPT REVIEWED THE PROCS MANUAL AND BOTH ACFT VOLUME 1 AND 2 BOOKS AND COULD FIND NOTHING TO OFFER ANY GUIDANCE. THE CAPT NOTICED THE POS DID NOT APPEAR CORRECT IN THE FMS. AFTER CONSIDERATION IF WE COULD CONTINUE UTILIZING VORS; WE DECIDE THE SAFEST OPTION WOULD BE TO RETURN TO HERAKLION. (PARIS IS VERY BUSY AND MANY OF OUR FLT PLAN FIXES WERE BEYOND SVC AREAS.) THE CAPT BRIEFED THE FLT ATTENDANTS AND MADE A PAX PA. HOWEVER ALMOST ALL THE PAX WERE FRENCH AND SPOKE NO ENGLISH. MANY DID NOT UNDERSTAND AND WE HAD NO FLT ATTENDANT WHO SPOKE FRENCH. WE RETURNED TO HERAKLION USING VOR RADIALS AND MADE A SAFE LNDG.