B757 first Officer reports TAT (Total Air Temperature) Probe failure climbing through 10000 feet; affecting multiple aircraft systems and requiring a return to departure airport.

Narrative

After take off; and climbing through 10;000 ft; we received a 'TAT (Total Air Temperature) Probe' EICAS msg as well as the overhead 'TAT' annunciator light. A few seconds after that; the auto throttles disconnected as well as the autopilot. Neither would re-engage. We then received a 'VNAV/PERF info unreliable' msg on the FMC; and an amber line through LNAV on the ADI display. Captain took over radio with ATC and I performed the applicable QRH procedures. Because the aircraft was now operating in a degraded state; we were unable to continue into the NAT track system. I contacted our maintenance and they suggested to use the alternate air data source; but that provided no improvements. After a phone patch with dispatch; and a discussion with maintenance; we decided to return for an overweight landing at approximately 225;000 lbs. The Captain hand flew the rest of the flight while I performed the QRH procedures for an overweight landing; The weather was VFR and the landing was smooth and uneventful with a touchdown of 150fpm. We returned to the gate; swapped PAX and bags into a new aircraft; and proceeded to destination.