What happened
On July 22, 2000, a Jabiru UL ultralight, registration G-BXNU, was conducting a private flight near Minnistown, Co. Meath. The pilot, intending to participate in a fly-in event in Northern Ireland, had opted for a local flight to practice short-field landing techniques. During a left-hand base turn for runway 01, the aircraft entered a steep bank of approximately 60 to 70 degrees.
As the aircraft descended rapidly, the pilot attempted to correct the bank with right rudder and increased engine power, but the left wingtip struck the ground. The aircraft subsequently impacted the field with its nose wheel, causing the nose strut to dislocate and the aircraft to flip onto its back. The pilot sustained multiple injuries, including a broken sternum and spinal fractures, but was able to extricate himself from the wreckage and call for emergency services.
The investigation
Investigators examined the aircraft's configuration and maintenance history, uncovering several discrepancies. While the aircraft was being operated as a Small Light Aeroplane, there was significant doubt regarding its actual empty weight. Digital scales used by a maintenance company measured the airframe at approximately 270 kg, notably higher than the documented 247 kg.
Furthermore, the investigation found that the aircraft was fitted with an unapproved 3-bladed propeller, a modification that rendered the UK CAA Permit to Fly invalid at the time of the accident. The investigation also noted that the flight manual provided did not specifically identify the aircraft by registration or serial number, making it an unreliable reference for specific performance data.
Findings
- The aircraft experienced a stall during the final turn because of an excessive bank angle.
- The pilot's use of right rudder during the steep turn may have induced the onset of an initial spin.
- The aircraft's stalling speed likely increased significantly due to the high bank angle and the use of partial flaps (15 degrees) rather than the full flap setting recommended for short-field landings.
- The installation of an unapproved 3-bladed propeller was a non-compliant modification.
- There was no formal permission from the Irish Aviation Authority (IAA) to operate this UK-registered aircraft within the Republic of Ireland.
Safety action
- The PFA was advised to review flight manuals for kit aircraft to ensure they align with published type specifications.
- It was recommended that the PFA ensure all manuals clearly display the specific aircraft registration and serial number.