What Happened
A flight instructor reported that a private pilot receiving instruction was performing a simulated engine failure approach to an airport. The approach was conducted in gusty crosswind conditions. As the airplane approached 50 feet above the ground on final, the flight instructor called for a go-around. The instructor stated that the pilot receiving instruction "simultaneously pulled back and went full throttle." The flight instructor reported that the airspeed was about 80 knots, and "the airplane fell straight to the ground" short of the runway.
After impact, the airplane bounced forward onto the runway. The left main landing gear collapsed during the bounce, and the airplane departed the runway to the left about 550 feet from the runway threshold. The flight instructor confirmed that he had verified the throttle was fully forward before impact.
Weather and Obstacles
According to the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Airport Facility Directory, trees were listed as an obstacle for the runway used. The tree line was located upwind and parallel to the airplane's final approach. About the time of the accident, an automated weather observing system 7 nautical miles southeast of the airport reported wind from 190 degrees true at 13 knots, gusting to 21 knots.
The FAA Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge describes effects of obstructions on wind. It states, "It is especially important to be vigilant when flying in or out of airports that have large buildings or natural obstructions located near the runway." The handbook also notes that during the landing phase, an aircraft may "drop in" due to turbulent air and be too low to clear obstacles during the approach.
Aircraft Damage
A postaccident examination revealed substantial damage to the right wing. The flight instructor reported no mechanical malfunctions or failures that would have precluded normal operation.