What happened
On August 3, 2023, at Mielec Aerodrome (EPML), a student pilot was performing solo training flights using a winch launch method. After completing several supervised check flights, the student was cleared for solo operations. During the third solo flight of the day, the pilot executed a standard approach but failed to complete the necessary flight path flare before touchdown. Additionally, the pilot deployed the air brakes prematurely.
This sequence caused the Grob G103A Twin II Acro to bounce off the runway surface, reaching an altitude of approximately 8 meters Aeredge (AGL). The student failed to react to this "kangaroo" effect, and the aircraft began to lose airspeed, leading to a gentle stall. Although the Head of Training attempted to provide instructions via radio, the commands were delayed and unintelligible. The glider subsequently stalled and struck the ground heavily, resulting in the separation of the tail section and damage to the cockpit canopy.
The investigation
The PKBWL investigation examined the flight sequence, the student's training records, and the environmental conditions. The investigation reviewed airport monitoring footage, radio communications, and the aircraft's maintenance logs. The Commission also scrutinized the training organization's (DTO) management of the student's progress, noting that the student's training book contained repeated instructor notes regarding difficulties with basic piloting elements. The investigation also noted discrepancies in the aircraft's maintenance documentation regarding total flight hours and flight counts.
Findings
- The landing was performed directly into the sun, which, combined with low-altitude clouds, made it difficult for the student to accurately judge height.
- The student's medical certificate included a visual acuity restriction (VCL), which may have contributed to the poor height estimation.
- The student was not adequately prepared for emergency maneuvers, as the training program was conducted at an excessively rapid pace, involving high volumes of flights in single days without sufficient breaks.
- The student failed to react to the ground bounce and the subsequent loss of airspeed.
- The Head of Training's response was delayed and ineffective due to unclear radio transmissions and emotional distress.
- The student's seatbelts were not sufficiently tightened, causing the pilot to strike their head against the canopy during the impact.
- The training program was conducted too quickly, leading to student fatigue and insufficient mastery of essential flight maneuvers.