31 Oct 2024: PIPER PA-32-300 (N154DC) — Prescott Valley, AZ

No fatalitiesPrescott Valley, AZ, United States

A pilot performed a forced landing in an open field near Prescott Valley after a cylinder separated from the engine, causing a loss of power and an in-flight fire.

What happened

On October 31, 2024, a PIPER PA-32-300, registration N154DC, was involved in an accident near Prescott Valley, Arizona. The pilot was conducting a local flight to investigate a fuel mixture discrepancy experienced during a previous flight. During the takeoff climb, the pilot noted unusual exhaust gas temperature (EGT) and fuel flow readings and decided to return to the airport for maintenance inspection.

While returning to the airport, the pilot heard two loud bangs followed by a total loss of engine power. Shortly after, smoke and flames appeared inside the cabin near the forward right-side floorboard. The pilot used an onboard fire extinguisher to put out the fire and performed a forced landing in an open field. The pilot was not injured, though the aircraft sustained substantial damage.

The investigation

Post-accident examination of the wreckage revealed that the No. 3 cylinder had separated from the engine case. The impact of the separated cylinder caused outward deformation of both the upper and lower right engine cowlings. Thermal damage was found on the lower right engine cowling and the forward fuselage.

Mechanical analysis of the engine showed that the No. 3 connecting rod had fractured, with subsequent damage found to the engine case, camshaft, and crankshaft. Investigators found that five of the eight base nuts for the No. 3 cylinder were missing. Evidence of fretting was present at the engine case mating surfaces and on all six cylinder hold-down plates, which is consistent with reduced torque of the engine case nuts, bolts, and cylinder base nuts.

Records indicated the engine had 1,168.83 hours since its last overhaul, which occurred in 1997. The most recent annual inspection was completed approximately 72 operating hours before the accident.

Probable cause

The separation of the No. 3 engine cylinder caused by a loss of torque on the cylinder base nuts, leading to engine power loss and an in-flight fire. The accident was further contributed to by the failure of maintenance personnel to properly torque the engine case and cylinder base nuts during the most recent annual inspection.

Contributing factors

Recip eng cyl section — FailureIncorrect service/maintenanceMaintenance personnelAttain/maintain not possible