What happened
On May 15, 2007, an EMB-810D, registration PT-VLC, departed Campo de Marte Airport (SBMT) bound for Guaratinguetá (SBGW) with a pilot and one passenger. During the arrival phase, the aircraft entered the traffic pattern at SBGW under visual flight rules (VFR). The air traffic controller observed the aircraft entering the windward leg for runway 02 and instructed the pilot to maintain visual conditions.
As the aircraft proceeded with its visual approach, it entered a layer of scattered low clouds over a mountainous area near the Presidente Dutra Highway. The controller lost visual contact with the aircraft while it was maneuvering through the clouds. Shortly thereafter, the aircraft was seen descending uncontrollably and struck an elevation, causing the left wing to impact the terrain. The aircraft then struck the highway, resulting in the total destruction of the aircraft and the deaths of both occupants.
The investigation
CENIPA's investigation focused on the sequence of events during the final approach and the pilot's decision-making. Investigators examined meteorological reports, which indicated the presence of low clouds that, while not preventing VFR operations at the airport, were present within the traffic pattern. The investigation also reviewed the pilot's flight history and psychological profile, noting a pattern of behavior that prioritized instrument monitoring over external visual scanning.
Findings
- Adverse meteorological conditions: The presence of low-level clouds hindered the pilot's ability to maintain visual contact with the runway.
- Improper flight judgment: The pilot initiated a descent during the base leg that allowed the aircraft to penetrate the cloud layer, compromising the maintenance of visual flight conditions.
- Pilot attention and attitude: The pilot had a known habit of focusing on cockpit instruments, specifically the GPS, rather than scanning the external environment. This fixation on instruments likely contributed to the loss of situational awareness during the turn.
- Risk management: The pilot exhibited a lack of adherence to standard procedures and a tendency to disregard safety margins in certain flight conditions.