What happened
On January 8, 2014, an Aeroboero AB-115, registration PP-GMA, was conducting a visual navigation training flight for instruction. The flight, operated by Aeroclube de Londrina, originated from Londrina Airport (SBLO) with an instructor and a student pilot on board. After completing a touch-and-go at Cianorte Aerodrome (SSCT), the aircraft returned to SBLO to perform further maneuvers.
During the second approach for landing, the aircraft's tail was lowered, at which point the plane inadvertently yawed to the right. The aircraft rotated approximately 18 and then the left wingtip struck the ground, causing the aircraft to veer off the runway. The impact resulted in substantial damage to the left landing gear and the left wing. Both occupants of the aircraft were uninjured.
The investigation
The investigation examined meteorological conditions and pilot inputs during the landing phase. While tower reports indicated a left crosswind component, the pilots reported experiencing a right crosswind. Meteorological data confirmed significant fluctuations in wind direction and intensity during the period.
The investigation also reviewed the aircraft's flight manual, which specifies that for an average-skill pilot, the operational limit for crosswind landings on paved runways is 13 knots. The investigation noted that the student pilot had not flown for 25 days prior to the accident. Furthermore, investigators analyzed the mechanical interaction of the nosewheel; it was hypothesized that the student's use of the right rudder pedal to counteract the wind may have deflected the nosewheel in a manner that, upon the tail touching the ground, triggered the sudden rightward yaw.
Findings
- Adverse meteorological conditions involving significant wind shifts.
- The flight was conducted near the operational crosswind limits for a pilot of average proficiency.
- Inadequate pilot judgment and application of controls during the landing phase.
- The student pilot's limited recent flight experience.