What happened
On September 28, 2022, at 10:30 local time, a TECNAM P2008 JC, registration EC-NHE, was involved in an accident during the landing phase at Madrid-Cuatro Vientos airport. The aircraft, operated by an approved training organization, was performing a solo instructional flight.
During the landing on runway 27, the aircraft experienced a period of floating in a nose-high attitude. The main landing gear made contact with the runway first, followed by two bounces. This sequence resulted in the nose gear impacting the pavement with enough force to cause it to collapse. The subsequent impact caused the propeller to strike the runway surface. The student pilot reported that varying headwind components during the final approach made it difficult to maintain the runway centerline. The aircraft came to a stop 40 meters from the runway threshold.
The investigation
The investigation examined the flight parameters, the aircraft's maintenance history, and the pilot's performance. Data from the onboard Garmin G3X flight recorder indicated an indicated airspeed of 63 knots at the moment of touchdown, which was higher than the 54 knots specified in the aircraft's flight manual and the training organization's standard operating procedures.
Investigators also reviewed the meteorological conditions, which were favorable, with a 9-knot wind from 280 degrees. No mechanical deficiencies were reported in the aircraft or engine prior to the event. The investigation focused on the sequence of the landing maneuver and the impact of the excess speed on the aircraft's stability during touchdown.
Findings
- The aircraft was traveling at 63 knots during touchdown, exceeding the recommended landing speed.
- The aircraft experienced a period of floating and subsequent bouncing on the runway.
- The incorrect execution of the landing maneuver led to an abnormal contact with the runway.
- The nose gear collapsed due to the impact, causing damage to the propeller, windshield, and lower fuselage.