What happened
On April 13, 2023, at approximately 14:10 UTC, a Neiva EMB-202 aircraft, registration PT-UNU, crashed into a crop field at Fazenda Mãe Rainha in Diamantino, Mato Grosso. The aircraft was engaged in an agricultural spraying operation, applying fungicide to a corn field. The flight had departed from a nearby landing strip at approximately 13:35 UTC.
During the mission, the pilot attempted to execute a "balloon" turn to return to the application area after crossing a single-phase power line. During this maneuver, the aircraft experienced a rapid loss of airspeed, leading to a collision with the ground. The pilot sustained serious injuries, and the aircraft suffered substantial damage.
The investigation
CENIPA's investigation confirmed that the pilot was fully qualified, holding valid commercial licenses and medical certification, with significant experience in the aircraft type. The aircraft was also found to be in an airworthy condition, with all maintenance logs up to date and the weight and balance within manufacturer limits. The aircraft was carrying 135 liters of hydrated ethanol and 435 liters of fungicide liquid.
Meteorological analysis using satellite imagery and aerodrome reports from nearby stations indicated favorable flying conditions. There was no evidence of severe turbulence, thunderstorms, or significant wind shear in the area at the time of the accident. While the pilot reported high temperatures and strong winds, the investigation found no significant synoptic weather systems that would have prevented visual flight operations.
Findings
- The aircraft was operating within its weight and balance limits.
- No mechanical failures or technical malfunctions were identified in the aircraft's engine, cell, or propeller.
- Meteorological conditions were above the minimums required for flight.
- The excessive use of pitch and bank commands during the turn, likely compounded by a probable tailwind component and the need to clear a power line, led to a loss of control at a low altitude, leaving no time for recovery.