What happened
On December 19, 2002, a Cessna 177B, registration PT-ILW, departed from the Luziânia aerodrome (SWUZ) bound for Anápolis (SBNS). The aircraft was carrying one pilot and three passengers. Shortly after crossing the opposite end of the runway at approximately 100 feet, the pilot noticed that the aircraft was unable to gain altitude or airspeed while in level flight.
In an attempt to find an obstacle-free area, the pilot executed a left turn. During this maneuver, the aircraft's altitude dropped, and at approximately 10 feet, the aircraft struck low-voltage power lines before impacting the ground. The collision resulted in a post-impact fire that completely destroyed the aircraft. The pilot sustained minor injuries, while the three passengers were uninjured.
The investigation
CENIPA's investigation focused on the aircraft's performance during the initial climb and the pilot's decision-making process. Investigators examined the aircraft's maintenance records, which showed the annual inspection had been completed recently. While the engine's power output at the moment of impact could not be definitively determined due to the fire, there was no evidence of mechanical failure in the engine or propulsion systems.
The investigation scrutinized the flight planning, noting that the pilot had failed to account for critical variables such as passenger weight, baggage, fuel load, and ambient temperature. Furthermore, the investigation analyzed the pilot's maneuvers, specifically the high-angle turn performed at low airspeed, which significantly degraded lift.
Findings
- Overweight takeoff: The pilot failed to properly calculate the takeoff weight, resulting in a load that exceeded the maximum allowable weight for a safe climb.
- Improper flight maneuvers: The pilot executed a steep left turn (approximately 150 degrees) at low airspeed, which increased the sink rate and brought the aircraft closer to a stall.
- Flawed decision-making: The pilot delayed the decision to perform an immediate emergency landing, instead focusing on flight instruments in an attempt to continue the flight, which led to the collision with power lines.
- Inadequate flight planning: The pilot did not consider essential factors such as passenger and baggage weight, fuel, temperature, and the impact of the prevailing wind during pre-flight planning.