What happened
On April 22, 2015, an Embraer EMB-202A Neiva, registration PT-UTT, was attempting a takeoff from a dirt runway at Fazenda Bela Vista in Pindorama, São Paulo. The aircraft, operated by Asa Aviação e Serv. Aeroagrícolas Ltda., was scheduled for a 20-minute agricultural spraying mission.
During the takeoff roll, the pilot utilized the full available length of the 550-meter runway but was unable to achieve lift-off. The right wing of the aircraft struck a sugarcane field adjacent to the runway, causing the aircraft to rotate 180 degrees. The aircraft then skidded approximately 150 meters down a slope before coming to a complete stop. The pilot, who was the sole occupant of the aircraft, escaped without injury, but the aircraft sustained substantial damage.
The investigation
CENIPA investigators analyzed the aircraft's performance parameters and environmental conditions at the time of the accident. The investigation established that the aircraft was operating at a density altitude of 3,450 feet, calculated based on the ambient temperature of 28°C and the field elevation of 1,800 feet.
Technical analysis revealed that the aircraft was 87 kg above its Maximum Takeoff Weight (MTOW) of 1,800 kg. Furthermore, investigators found that the pilot had configured the flaps to 30 degrees for the takeoff, whereas the manufacturer's operating manual specifies a position of 8 degrees for both normal and minimum ground roll takeoffs. Performance charts indicated that under the recorded conditions, a takeoff would have required more than 1,000 meters of runway.
Engine performance was ruled out as a factor, as propeller blade deformation confirmed the engine was producing power at the moment of impact. However, investigators noted that the maintenance logs for the airframe, engine, and propeller were outdated and lacked required signatures and entries.
Findings
- Improper pilot judgment regarding the risks of attempting takeoff on a short runway without consulting performance charts.
- Exceeding the Maximum Takeoff Weight (MTOW) by 87 kg.
- Incorrect use of flap settings (30 degrees instead of the recommended 8 degrees).
- Inadequate flight planning.
- Incomplete maintenance record-keeping for the airframe, engine, and propeller.