What happened
On April 16, 2018, at approximately 12:00 UTC, a Cessna A188B agricultural aircraft, registration PR-ATD, was attempting to take off from an unpaved landing strip at Fazenda Vargem Grande in Montividiu, Goiás. The aircraft was being operated by Textor Aviação Agrícola LTDA-EPP for the purpose of applying agricultural pesticides.
During the takeoff roll, the aircraft lost directional control to the left, veered off the strip, and struck the surrounding plantation. The aircraft came to rest 180 degrees from its original takeoff heading. The impact resulted in substantial damage to the aircraft, though the pilot escaped the incident uninjured.
The investigation
CENIPA investigators examined the takeoff area and the aircraft's operational parameters. The investigation confirmed that the pilot was properly licensed and qualified for agricultural operations, with valid medical certification and sufficient recent experience in the aircraft type. The aircraft's maintenance records were up to date, and the engine and airframe inspections were current.
Investigators identified that the aircraft was operating with an estimated weight of 4,540 lbs, which was 340 lbs above the maximum takeoff weight of 4,200 lbs. The investigation also noted that the landing strip, while approximately 1,000 meters long, had its usable length reduced by a 12-foot-high limestone deposit located at the end of the strip, a factor unknown to the pilot. Additionally, the surface of the unpaved strip contained puddles of water, and the pilot reported experiencing a strong tailwind during the takeoff roll.
Findings
- The aircraft was operating significantly above its maximum takeoff weight.
- A strong tailwind was present during the takeoff attempt.
- The usable runway length was reduced by an obstacle (limestone deposit) at the end of the strip.
- The unpaved surface was contaminated with water.
- The pilot's decision-making and flight planning failed to account for the combined effects of the weight, wind, and runway conditions.