What happened
On December 10, 2006, a Cessna 172L, registration PT-DQL, departed from Brasília International Airport (SBBR) to perform a visual flight for aerial photography over the Sobradinho region in the Federal District. While conducting low-altitude maneuvers over an open area near the DF 440 highway, the aircraft struck a tree at an altitude of approximately 12 meters with its left wing. This impact caused a loss of control, leading the aircraft to strike the ground four meters from the initial impact point. A post-impact fire consumed the wreckage, resulting in two fatalities (the pilot and the passenger) and the total loss of the aircraft.
The investigation
CENIPA investigators examined the wreckage and the flight circumstances, noting that the aircraft's maintenance records and airworthiness certificates were up to date. While the pilot had significant flight experience, the investigation focused on the operational deviations during the flight. Witnesses reported that the aircraft was flying in circles at an altitude below the minimum requirements established by aeronautical regulations (ICA 100-12).
Technical analysis of the propeller revealed a fracture caused by an overload, which was consistent with the impact with the terrain. The investigation also reviewed the pilot's medical history, finding that while he had managed conditions such as hypertension and presbyopia, these were controlled and did not constitute a medical impediment to flying. The investigation concluded that the pilot was aware that his low-altitude maneuvers were in violation of standard VFR (Visual Flight Rules) altitude requirements.
Findings
- Disregard for regulations: The pilot deliberately operated the aircraft at an altitude below the legal minimums for VFR flight over unpopulated areas.
- Inadequate pilot judgment: The pilot failed to maintain a safe altitude to avoid existing obstacles in the flight path.
- Psychological factors: The investigation identified traits of invulnerability and anti-authority, as the pilot performed maneuvers that ignored established safety margins and regulatory constraints.
- Flight indiscipline: The decision to fly at extremely low altitudes near obstacles contributed directly to the collision.