What happened
On January 31, 2012, an Embraer EMB-810D, registration PT-VNO, operated by América do Sul Táxi Aéreo Ltda, was performing a private flight from Tangará da Serra to Cuiabá, Mato Grosso. The flight was operating under visual flight rules (VFR) with two crew members and two passengers on board.
During the landing on runway 35 at Cuiabá Airport (SBCY), the aircraft experienced a porpoising effect. Following the initial touchdown, the pilot lost control of the aircraft, causing it to gain altitude and strike the runway a second time. A third, much more intense impact occurred, causing the aircraft to come to a complete stop within the runway limits. The impact was severe enough to cause the main and nose landing gear to retract, despite being properly extended and locked prior to the event.
As a result of the accident, one passenger sustained minor injuries, while the two crew members and the remaining passenger were uninjured. The aircraft suffered substantial damage to the landing gear, propellers, lower fuselage, flaps, and wings.
The investigation
CENIPA's investigation focused on the dynamics of the landing and the stability of the approach. Investigators examined the aircraft's performance and the flight crew's actions during the touchdown phase. The investigation confirmed that the aircraft was within weight and balance limits and that all maintenance records, including airworthiness certificates, were up to date. The crew members held valid medical and technical certificates, and the pilots were appropriately qualified for the operation.
Findings
- The aircraft entered a porpoising cycle due to an unstabilized approach characterized by an approach speed significantly higher than recommended.
- The pilot failed to execute a go-around (missed approach) despite the loss of control and the unstable nature of the landing.
- The high energy levels present during the first touchdown provided enough lift for the aircraft to bounce back into the air, leading to subsequent heavy impacts.
- Meteorological conditions at the time of the accident were favorable for VFR operations, with a wind of 350° at 10 knots.