What happened
On September 20, 2017, a Neiva EMB-711T, registration PT-RHM, was performing a local flight near Porto Alegre, Brazil, with a pilot and two passengers on board. During the takeoff roll at the Novo Hamburgo Aerodrome (SSNH), the aircraft failed to reach rotation speed. The pilot attempted to abort the takeoff by reducing power and applying brakes; however, the aircraft could not be stopped within the runway limits, ultimately exiting the end of the runway.
While the aircraft sustained substantial damage, the pilot and both passengers were uninjured.
The investigation
CENIPA investigators examined the runway conditions and the aircraft's operational parameters. Although the weather was clear and winds were calm, the grass runway was wet and contained puddles due to heavy rain the previous day. The investigation noted that while the aircraft's center of gravity was within limits, the aircraft was operating above the maximum takeoff weight.
Investigators also found that the pilot used 15-degree flaps during the takeoff roll. According to the aircraft's operating manual, takeoff from soft or unpaved runways should utilize 25-degree flaps. Furthermore, the pilot's decision to abort the takeoff was based on visual references (passing a hangar) rather than a technical assessment of the remaining runway distance or the impact of the contaminated surface.
Findings
- Inadequate flight planning, specifically regarding the failure to verify the maximum takeoff weight.
- Errors in pilot judgment and the decision-making process during the takeoff roll.
- The use of incorrect flap settings (15 degrees instead of the recommended 25 degrees for soft runways).
- The presence of a contaminated (wet) grass runway, which increased the required takeoff distance and reduced braking effectiveness.