What happened
On July 24, 2010, a Cessna 180G, registration PT-CDQ, was performing a skydiving operation at the Centro Nacional de Paraquedismo (SDOI) in Boituva, São Paulo. The aircraft was carrying one pilot and four passengers. During the takeoff roll, the pilot lost directional control, causing the aircraft to veer to the left and depart the runway.
As the aircraft left the paved surface, the right main landing gear collapsed. The excursion resulted in substantial damage to the right wing and the right horizontal stabilizer. Despite the impact, the pilot and all four passengers remained uninjured.
The investigation
CENIPA investigators determined that the aircraft was within its approved weight and balance limits at the time of the accident. The pilot, who was qualified and experienced for the operation, attempted to correct the deviation by applying full right rudder; however, the aerodynamic forces overcame the control authority.
The investigation also revealed significant maintenance documentation discrepancies. The aircraft's logbooks and engine, airframe, and propeller records were not being maintained in accordance with civil aviation regulations. Furthermore, a previously issued Airworthiness Directive (AD 87-20-03) regarding the inspection of the pilot seat tracks had not been complied with.
Investigators noted that the pilot's assessment of the wind conditions was based solely on a local windsock, which did not reflect the higher wind speeds and gusts present in the region. Additionally, it was observed that neither the pilot nor the passengers were utilizing the available safety equipment, such as seatbelts and harnesses, during the flight.
Findings
- Adverse meteorological conditions, specifically crosswinds that were unfavorable for a conventional gear aircraft.
- Inadequate pilot judgment regarding wind assessment and flight planning.
- Improper application of controls during the takeoff roll.
- Lack of management oversight regarding maintenance record-keeping and regulatory compliance.
- Failure to use safety restraints (seatbelts and harnesses) by the crew and passengers.