What happened
On 04 December 2020, a Cessna T303 Crusader, registered HB-LUV, was performing a private cross-country flight from Marseille-Provence to Annecy-Meythet. During the descent, the pilot was informed by air traffic controllers of deteriorating weather conditions, including low visibility and the presence of slush on the runway.
As the aircraft approached runway 04, the pilot failed to stabilize the approach, descending late and maintaining an excessive speed. The aircraft touched down near the midpoint of the runway with a ground speed of approximately 119 kt, which was significantly higher than the recommended landing speed of 80 to 90 kt. Due to the wet runway surface and heavy braking, the aircraft experienced reverted rubber hydroplaning. The pilot was unable to stop the aircraft before the end of the runway, causing the plane to exit the airfield, cross an embankment and a road, and come to a rest. The accident resulted in one severe injury to the pilot, while the two passengers were uninjured. The aircraft was destroyed.
The investigation
The investigation focused on the aircraft's flight path, the meteorological conditions, and the physical evidence at the site. Investigators analyzed radar data, radio communications, and airport surveillance footage. The examination of the aircraft's tires confirmed that a reverted rubber hydroplaning phenomenon had occurred, where high-pressure steam trapped under the tires prevented effective contact with the runway.
Investigators also reviewed the pilot's flight history and the manufacturer's flight manual. While the manual provided landing distances for dry runways, it contained no specific data for contaminated or wet runway operations. The investigation also noted that the pilot had performed the same approach procedure the previous day under much more favorable weather conditions.