What happened
On January 02, 2013, a Bell Helicopter-Textron 206-3B, registration A6-FTI, was conducting a training flight in Al Ain Training Area Six. The flight was part of a pre-first solo flight exercise for a student pilot, following a dual proficiency check.
As the student pilot attempted to transition into a hover to assess lateral control following a change in the aircraft's center of gravity, the helicopter began to yaw to the right. The student pilot applied left pedal to correct the yaw, but this action triggered a rapid roll to the right. The aircraft entered a dynamic rollover, causing the main rotor blades to strike the ground. The impact resulted in the separation of large sections of the rotor blades from the mast and caused extensive structural damage to the airframe. The student pilot evacuated the aircraft without injury, and no fire occurred.
The investigation
The GCAA AAIS investigation examined the flight sequence, the aircraft's mechanical condition, and the training procedures in place at the time. Investigators reviewed the aircraft's maintenance records, which showed the BHT 206-3B was airworthy and maintained in compliance with regulations. The investigation also focused on the communication methods used between the instructor and the student during the solo exercise, noting that the instructor was observing from the ground and using hand signals rather than radio communication.
Findings
- The primary cause of the accident was inadequate briefing and oversight by the instructor regarding the potential for unstable conditions and the risks associated with the shift in center of gravity.
- The student pilot failed to recognize the onset of the developing dynamic rollover condition and applied an incorrect recovery technique.
- The instructor's reliance on hand signals instead of active VHF radio communication prevented the transmission of timely, clear, and critical corrective instructions during the safety-critical moment.
- Standard operating procedures for the first solo flight lacked sufficient detail regarding dynamic rollover awareness and recovery.
- There was a lack of emergency equipment, such as fire extinguishers, at the remote training site.
- The operator's emergency response plan was found to be inadequately organized.