What happened
On August 8, 2006, at 20:16 local time, a privately owned Ikarus C42S ultralight aircraft, registration OH-U396, crashed into a 20 kV power line over Lake Hirsijärvi in Kisko, Finland. The aircraft, which was equipped with floats, had departed from the Inkoo archipelago approximately 35 minutes earlier with the intention of visiting the lake.
During the flight, the pilot performed a landing site inspection. While flying northwest over the prospective landing area at a speed of 62 knots (115 km/h), the aircraft struck the power line cables at an altitude of approximately 20 meters. The impact severed the lines and caused the aircraft to plunge into the lake, where it remained floating in an inverted position. The pilot, who was the sole occupant of the aircraft, sustained fatal injuries.
The investigation
The investigation established that there were no technical defects on the aircraft prior to the accident. The pilot had prepared for the flight using GPS data and maps, but the power line was not indicated on these resources, nor was it marked on official aeronautical charts.
Investigators examined the visibility of the hazard and found that the power line was extremely difficult to detect from the air. The supporting pylons, located 27 and 270 meters apart on opposite shores, were obscured by trees, with their tops positioned below the treeline. Furthermore, the power lines lacked any warning or identification markings. The investigation also noted that the pilot's method of inspecting the landing site—flying at very low altitudes—did not align with the training instructions provided by the Finnish Aeronautical Association, which recommend inspections at much higher altitudes (between 90 and 305 meters).
Findings
- The pilot failed to detect the power line while flying at a low altitude over the lake.
- The 20 kV power line was nearly impossible to see from the air because the supporting pylons were hidden by trees and the lines lacked warning markings.
- The pilot's habit of performing the initial landing site inspection at a very low altitude, below treetop level, contributed to the collision.
- The power line was not documented on the GPS, satellite imagery, or aeronautical charts used during flight planning.