What happened
On October 2, 2010, a Cessna 185, registration OB-1808, operated by Air Nazca S.A.C., departed from the Maria Reiche Newman Aerodrome in Nazca, Peru. The aircraft was conducting a scheduled 30-minute sightseeing flight over the Nazca Lines, carrying two crew members and four passengers.
Shortly after takeoff, the aircraft climbed to approximately 300 feet and began a turn to a heading of 270 degrees. Approximately 90 seconds into the flight, the engine experienced a loss of power. The aircraft lost altitude and struck the terrain approximately two miles from the aerodrome. The impact resulted in the total destruction of the aircraft and six fatalities, including both the pilot, the co-pilot, and all four passengers.
The investigation
The CIAA investigation examined the aircraft's maintenance records, fuel system, and the crew's performance. Investigators found that the aircraft was operating slightly above its maximum takeoff weight. The investigation also reviewed the crew's pre-flight activities, noting that the pilot and co-pilot had engaged in a verbal dispute regarding flight scheduling immediately prior to the flight.
Technical analysis of the fuel system revealed that the fuel selector valve was in the OFF position at the time of takeoff. Furthermore, the investigation identified that the fuel system components, specifically the selector valve and collector tank, did not match the manufacturer's approved parts catalog. The investigation also noted that the aircraft's seats were constructed from plywood and utilized two-point safety belts, which contributed to the severity of the injuries.
Findings
- The engine power loss was caused by fuel exhaustion in the lines, as the fuel selector valve was left in the OFF position during takeoff.
- The pilot's performance may have been adversely affected by a blood alcohol content of 0.51 g/L.
- The crew failed to use checklists during the takeoff phase due to time pressure to depart before a scheduled deadline.
- The aircraft was operating outside of the manufacturer's established weight and balance parameters.
- The use of non-standard, improvised seating and two-point belts increased the impact of the injuries.
- The fuel system configuration was incorrect and did not comply with the manufacturer's parts catalog.