What happened
On November 23, 2012, at approximately 16:10 local time, a Cessna 182P, registration HK-1519, operated by Aeromenegua Ltda., was performing an air taxi flight on a route between Villavicencio and Cumaribo. After successfully completing the outbound leg with three passengers, the aircraft began its return flight to Villavicencio without passengers.
While descending at 2,500 feet, approximately six miles from the Villavicencio airport, the engine lost power and shut down. The pilot attempted to restart the engine without success and subsequently attempted an emergency landing at a nearby agricultural runway. The aircraft failed to reach the runway, instead impacting a field. During the landing sequence, the nose gear detached, and the aircraft slid into a ditch, causing damage to the propeller blade, the lower engine cowling, and the nose gear.
The investigation
The GRIAA investigation focused on the engine's performance, the fuel system integrity, and the pilot's operational procedures. Post-incident inspections of the engine and its accessories revealed no mechanical failures or oil deficiencies. The investigation also examined the fuel tanks; while the right tank contained approximately 15 gallons of fuel, the left tank was completely empty. No leaks or broken fuel lines were found in the system.
Investigators analyzed the flight logs, noting that the aircraft had been flying for 4 hours and 5 minutes. The pilot's medical certification and flight experience were reviewed, and no physiological or psychological impairments were identified. The weather conditions at the time of the incident were reported as stable with good visibility.
Findings
- The engine shutdown was caused by fuel exhaustion in the left tank.
- The pilot failed to perform the required fuel tank switch during the cruise phase of the flight.
- The pilot's lack of attention to fuel management and flight planning led to the inadvertent use of the left tank until it was depleted.
- The aircraft sustained damage to the nose gear, propeller, and cowling, but the pilot was able to evacuate the aircraft uninjured.