What happened
On May 15, 2018, a Cessna A185F, registration HK-1659G, was preparing for a private flight from Guaymaral Airport to Trinidad, Casanare, via Yopal. After a delay caused by weather, the aircraft began its takeoff roll on runway 29.
As the aircraft reached a speed of 35 knots, the tail lifted aerodynamically. During this phase, the aircraft began to drift toward the left side of the runway. The pilot attempted to correct the deviation using right rudder, but the lateral movement intensified as acceleration continued. In an attempt to manage the situation, the pilot applied erratic power changes, both reducing and increasing thrust. This caused the aircraft to swing back toward the runway and then veer off into the safety zone on the left side. Upon leaving the paved surface, the aircraft underwent a dynamic longitudinal roll around its transverse axis, eventually coming to rest in an inverted position. All four occupants (one pilot and three passengers) evacuated the aircraft on their own and sustained minor injuries.
The investigation
The GRIAA investigation examined the aircraft's maintenance records, meteorological data, and the pilot's performance. The investigation confirmed that the aircraft was airworthy, the engine was functioning normally prior to the incident, and the aircraft was operating within its maximum weight limits.
Investigators analyzed the flight sequence, noting that while the pilot was experienced, the handling of the crosswind component was inadequate. The investigation also noted that the operator, Sociedad Cessna 185F S.A.S, lacked formal operational manuals and safety management systems. Furthermore, it was noted that evidence at the scene was not effectively preserved, as cargo and documentation were removed before investigators arrived.
Findings
- The primary cause was the pilot's lack of proficiency in managing a takeoff with a crosswind, specifically failing to use recommended techniques and failing to recognize the developing situation or execute an appropriate aborted takeoff.
- A contributing factor was the pilot's lack of knowledge regarding basic aerodynamic principles, specifically how wind conditions and the P-factor affect directional control during takeoff.
- Crosswind gusts exceeding 7 knots caused the early aerodynamic lift of the tail, complicating directional control.