What happened
On Sunday, June 23, 2002, at 17:05, a Rutan Varie and type aircraft, registration F-PYQL, was participating in a formation flight demonstration at the Nancy Ochey aerodrome. The flight consisted of three aircraft flying at a height of 350 feet and a speed of 150 knots, perpendicular to the main flight axis. The maneuver, known as a "percussion," required the aircraft to execute simultaneous turns and climbs upon a signal from the leader.
During the execution of this maneuver, the aircraft on the left side of the formation began a turn to the right. During this turn, the aircraft lost altitude while maintaining a high bank angle. The right wingtip struck a mound on the ground at high speed, causing the aircraft to disintegrate. The impact resulted in one fatality (the pilot) and the total destruction of the aircraft.
The investigation
The investigation examined the wreckage, which was scattered over 180 meters. Analysis of the flight controls revealed no mechanical failures. Accelerometers recorded high load factors, with peaks of -6g and +4.5g, likely resulting from the impact. Witnesses and amateur video footage indicated that the aircraft was slightly out of position at the start of the maneuver.
Toxicological analysis of the pilot's blood revealed levels of an antidepressant exceeding therapeutic limits. Investigators also considered the psychological context of the flight, noting the pilot's background as a former fighter pilot and instructor, and the potential stress of performing before former colleagues and students. The high ambient temperature was also noted as a factor that could have affected the pilot's physical condition.
Findings
- The pilot's incorrect relative positioning at the start of the maneuver led to a trajectory that deviated from the planned formation pattern.
- To remain within the safety boundaries marked on the ground, the pilot likely increased the bank angle, which made maintaining altitude difficult.
- The presence of antidepressants in the pilot's system may have reduced reaction times or delayed necessary corrective actions.
- The pilot's extensive experience in military fighter aircraft may have contributed to inappropriate or delayed corrections when faced with the different handling characteristics of a general aviation aircraft.