What happened
On the date of the occurrence, two separate aircraft were operating at Madrid-Cuatro Vientos Airport. The first aircraft, a Cessna 172, was performing a solo flight as part of a training session. The second aircraft, also a Cessna 172, was conducting circuit training.
While the first aircraft was executing its circuit, the pilot of the second aircraft noticed a potential conflict. The pilot of the second aircraft initiated a maneuver to avoid the first aircraft, which was positioned in a way that could lead to a collision. No contact occurred between the two aircraft, and no injuries were reported.
Findings
An investigation into the incident revealed that the air traffic controllers at the tower were unable to maintain adequate separation. The investigation found that the controller failed to identify the potential conflict between the two aircraft. Furthermore, the investigation noted that the controller did not provide necessary instructions to the pilots to maintain safe separation.
During the event, the pilot of the second aircraft took proactive measures to avoid the conflict by altering their flight path. The investigation also noted that the aircraft's flight paths were such that a collision was possible if no action had been taken.
Conclusion
The investigation concluded that the primary cause of the incident was the failure of the air traffic controllers to monitor the traffic and provide appropriate instructions. The lack of situational awareness contributed to the near-miss event.