Factual Information
On 28 April 2016, a Cessna 172G aircraft, registered PK-TGL, operated by Global Aviation Flying School, was conducting a solo training flight at Budiarto Airport, Tangerang. The aircraft was performing a series of six touch-and-go exercises with a single student pilot on board.
History of the Flight
The flight departed runway 12 at 0353 UTC and completed three uneventful touch-and-go maneuvers. At 0421 UTC, the student pilot requested the fourth touch-and-go, receiving clearance to use runway 12 and join the right traffic pattern. While turning final at approximately 550 feet altitude, the pilot observed an airspeed of 70 knots. On short final with flaps set to 3 and speed at 70 knots, the aircraft was positioned slightly right of the approach path. The pilot attempted to align with the runway. As the aircraft crossed the threshold at about 60 knots, it yawed right with a pitch lower than normal. The pilot smoothly reduced throttle to idle. The aircraft touched down to the right of the centerline with the nose wheel contacting first, then continued moving right and stopped outside the runway pavement, approximately 305 meters from the runway start and 23 meters from the centerline. Tire marks were observed on the runway. The tower controller activated the crash bell, and ARFF personnel responded. The student pilot was taken for medical examination, reporting no injury; the aircraft sustained no damage. No technical or system anomalies were reported.
Personnel and Aircraft Information
The student pilot, a 26-year-old male holding a Student Pilot License and valid medical certificate, had 18 hours 55 minutes of total flight time on the Cessna 172, including 1 hour in the preceding 24 hours. This was his third solo flight. The aircraft, manufactured in 1965 with serial number 17254855, had a valid Certificate of Airworthiness and Certificate of Registration, with total airframe time of 8,819 hours. The engine and propeller showed no pre-existing issues.
Conclusions
The investigation determined that the contributing factor to the serious incident was the delayed flare and lack of rudder application, leading to a nose-wheel-first touchdown and continued deviation from the runway centerline.