What happened
On January 24, 2020, a Zivko Aeronautics aerobatic aircraft, registration N540ZA, was performing flight maneuvers near the Iztapa aerodrome in Guatemala. During a descent, the pilot experienced a loss of situational awareness and depth perception regarding the distance to the ground. As the aircraft flew at an extremely low altitude, the right wing struck two female spectators located in an observation area near the Aeroclub de Guatemala. The impact of the wing also caused metal poles from nearby event canopies to strike the aircraft's canopy. The aircraft subsequently impacted the terrain and water with severe force. The accident resulted in three fatalities: the pilot and two spectators.
The investigation
The investigation conducted by the DGAC/UIA established that the aircraft was airworthy and maintained under FAA regulations at the time of the event. The aircraft was operating in an experimental category and was configured for a single pilot. Investigators reviewed social media footage of the descent and examined the wreckage, noting that the propeller blades showed damage consistent with the engine being under power at the moment of impact. The investigation also noted that the aerobatic maneuvers were being performed by a single aircraft without prior coordination with the event's flight or coordination teams.
Findings
- The pilot experienced a loss of situational awareness and a momentary loss of depth perception during the descent.
- The pilot made the decision to descend to an excessively low altitude, abandoning operational safety margins.
- There was a delayed application of flight controls and engine throttle to maintain the intended flight level.
- The pilot operated with an excessive level of confidence during the maneuvers.
- The aerobatic maneuvers were conducted without the necessary coordination with the event organizers or flight group.