What happened
On 26 July 2003, a Piper PA-28-140 Cherokee, registration G-SMTH, was involved in a runway excursion at Southend Airport, Essex. The flight was a private operation. Earlier that day, the pilot had completed a successful flight from Southend to Stapleford and back.
During the return approach to Southend, the weather was favorable with good visibility and a surface wind of 180 degrees at 10 knots. While Runway 24 was in use, the aircraft's approach appeared standard. However, following touchdown, the aircraft slewed to the left and departed the runway surface, coming to rest on the grass. During the sequence, the right wing tip made contact with the runway, resulting in slight damage to the wing. There were no injuries to the pilot or the single passenger on board, and the pilot was able to taxi the aircraft to the ramp after the incident.
The investigation
The investigation focused on the aircraft's braking mechanics and the pilot's technique during the landing. It was noted that the pilot had limited experience with the specific braking system of this aircraft, having only two hours of experience on this type.
Investigators examined the braking configuration of this particular PA-28-140 Cherokee, finding that it utilizes an under-panel lever to operate the brakes. This system applies equal pressure to both main wheels simultaneously. Unlike aircraft equipped with toe brakes, this model lacks the ability to apply differential braking pressure to steer the aircraft via the brakes.
Findings
- The pilot attempted to use a 'wing down' crosswind technique during the landing.
- The pilot may have applied the brakes too early in the landing sequence.
- The application of brakes while only one main wheel was in contact with the runway may have caused the aircraft to swing rapidly to the left, leading to the excursion.