What happened
On 12 July 1999, a private flight involving an RAF 20SS GTX-SE, registration G-BWTK, was returning to Lamberhurst Farm in Kent. The flight originated from Lydd, and the 50-minute journey to the landing site indicated significant headwinds, with the pilot estimating wind speeds of approximately 26 knots at 1,500 feet.
Upon arrival at the 900-metre landing strip, the windsock indicated a crosswind of 17 to 22 knots. Because this exceeded the aircraft's UK Permit To Fly limit of 7 knots, the pilot elected to land directly into the wind, perpendicular to the runway. The approach was conducted at a low power setting toward the highest point of the undulating strip.
During the flare at a very low altitude, the aircraft began to sink rapidly. The pilot attempted to apply power to cushion the impact but was unable to execute a full go-around because a tall standing crop was located only 10 metres ahead on the upwind side of the strip. The aircraft made a heavy touchdown, causing the rotor blade tips to strike the ground. This impact induced a 60-degree roll to the left, resulting in the collapse of the left main landing gear and leaving the cabin tilted skywards. There were no injuries to the two occupants, and the cabin remained intact.
The investigation
The investigation examined the flight conditions and the pilot's decision-making regarding the landing approach. It was noted that while the pilot had previously performed similar landings in crosswind conditions, the specific environmental factors on this occasion contributed to the loss of control. The investigation also reviewed the aircraft's damage, which included severe impact to the rotor, propeller, rudder, keel, and landing gear.
Findings
- The pilot attempted to land across the runway to mitigate the crosswind component.
- The pilot was unable to perform an emergency go-around due to the proximity of a tall crop obstructing the upwind side of the strip.
- Windshear caused the aircraft to sink rapidly during the flare.
- The heavy touchdown and subsequent rotor strike led to the aircraft rolling onto its side.