What happened
On July 21, 2003, an Embraer E-720C, registration PT-RIQ, crashed near Crepurizã, Itaituba, Pará, during a mining-related flight operation. The aircraft departed from Mundico Coelho (SNMD) bound for Independência (SIIN). Shortly after takeoff, the pilot executed a steep left turn, likely attempting to return to the opposite runway. During this maneuver, the aircraft entered a spiral dive and struck the ground in a stalled condition.
The aircraft was configured for cargo transport, featuring only the pilot's seat and a plywood floor covering the cabin. The flight was carrying two passengers and cargo consisting of food supplies and plastic drums of fuel, none of which were secured. The impact was violent, resulting in three fatalities and the total destruction of the aircraft.
The investigation
CENIPA investigators faced significant challenges due to the remote Amazon jungle location and the critical state of the wreckage. Because the engine was destroyed upon impact, a definitive mechanical failure could not be confirmed, though the tachometer indicated approximately 2,000 RPM at the time of the crash. The investigation noted that while the aircraft's annual maintenance inspection was current, several engine, fuel, and oil hoses were found to be expired by more than ten years.
The investigation also revealed that the pilot failed to follow manufacturer procedures regarding weight and balance. The aircraft was operating in high temperatures (exceeding 30°C), which significantly degraded performance. Furthermore, the fuel selector was found in the closed position, suggesting either an attempt at an emergency landing or an error during takeoff preparation.
Findings
- Flight Discipline: The pilot demonstrated a disregard for safety regulations by intentionally operating the aircraft outside of its certified configuration and transporting unsecured passengers and hazardous cargo.
- Operational Planning: The flight was poorly planned, failing to account for the high ambient temperatures and the risks associated with the heavy, unsecure load.
- Psychological Factors: The pilot's decision-making was influenced by excessive motivation and overconfidence, leading to the execution of a high-risk maneuver.
- Maintenance Deficiencies: Although the aircraft held a valid inspection certificate, the presence of severely expired components suggested inadequate oversight of critical parts.