What happened
On 27 June 2011, a Rotorsport UK MTOSable gyroplane, registration G-LZED, was involved in an accident at the Shell Island campsite in Llanbedr, Gwynedd. The pilot had planned to depart from a grass field within the campsite, which he had estimated to be 250 m long. To facilitate the departure, the pilot chose to take off down a slope, which resulted in a downwind takeoff.
During the takeoff roll, the pilot noted that the aircraft felt as though it were being held back, and the rotor was generating additional drag. Although the aircraft eventually became airborne, it did not have sufficient forward airspeed to clear obstacles. The right main landing gear struck a perimeter wall, causing the aircraft to crash into a nearby bush. While the gyroplane sustained extensive damage, there were no injuries to the pilot or the passenger.
The investigation
Investigators determined that the actual length of the chosen field was only approximately 200 m, significantly shorter than the pilot's estimate. The pilot had performed a test run across the slope and believed the distance was achievable. However, the investigation found that the takeoff roll required, when accounting for the downwind component and necessary safety factors, exceeded the available distance.
Post-accident analysis showed that the pilot's takeoff technique involved a high angle of attack for the rotor, which increased drag and reduced acceleration. Furthermore, the investigation highlighted that while the takeoff run itself might appear short, the period of acceleration near the ground is critical for achieving a safe climb-out.
Findings
- The pilot selected a takeoff field that was shorter than required for a safe departure.
- The takeoff distance required, including necessary safety factors for wind and handling, exceeded the available distance of the field.
- The use of a downwind takeoff on a slope contributed to an increased takeoff roll.
- There was no evidence of mechanical failure within the G-LZED aircraft.
Safety action
- The Civil Aviation Authority is recommended to emphasize the importance of considering field suitability and specific performance factors when planning gyroplane flights.
- A review of the Private Pilot’s Licence (Gyroplane) syllabus is recommended to ensure students receive adequate training regarding takeoff and landing performance.