What happened
On 1 September 2022, a surveillance mission at the Gamsberg Mine in the Northern Cape Province ended in the destruction of an eBee Plus unmanned aircraft. The mission, conducted under Part 101 regulations, involved flying Beyond Visual Line of Sight (B-VLOS) to capture imagery of run-of-mine piles.
The pilot launched the ZT-UHL with full battery power. The flight proceeded normally through the programmed mission, with battery levels dropping from 100% to 52% over approximately 22 minutes. Once the mission objectives were met, the aircraft initiated its automated return-to-home (RTH) procedure. However, shortly after the RTH sequence began, the aircraft became unstable. The remote controller feed showed the drone entering a sharp left bank before spiraling toward the ground. The aircraft crashed into an area containing mined material near a roller belt, and the wreckage could not be recovered.
The investigation
SACAA AIID examined the operational and technical status of the aircraft and the pilot's credentials. The investigation confirmed that the pilot held a valid Remote Pilot Licence and a current medical certificate. Regarding the aircraft's maintenance, a mandatory periodic inspection had been completed just 28 flight hours prior to the accident, which had found the motors and servos to be in good working order.
Environmental conditions at the time of the flight were favorable, with visibility exceeding 10km, a temperature of 29°C, and light north-easterly winds at 13 knots. The operator held a valid Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems Letter of Approval and an Operating Certificate.
Findings
- The loss of control was the primary event leading to the crash.
- The aircraft entered a spiral descent and lost signal with the ground station.
- The specific reason for the sudden instability and subsequent loss of signal could not be determined due to the fact that the wreckage was not recovered.