What happened
On 10 October 2006, a Beech Bonanza V35B, registration ZS-JYB, departed Cato Ridge Aerodrome for New Tempe Aerodrome in Bloemfontein. The flight, which included the pilot and two passengers, was conducted as a private operation. While the aircraft was initially cleared to fly at 8,000 feet, the flight path eventually led the aircraft into the high-altitude terrain of the Drakensberg mountains near the Underberg area.
During the flight, the aircraft failed to arrive at its destination, prompting a coordinated search and rescue operation by the South African Search and Rescue Organisation (SASAR). On 11 October 2006, investigators located the wreckage in the Drakensberg. The impact was severe, and a post-impact fire destroyed the aircraft. All 3 occupants were fatally injured.
The investigation
SACAA AIID investigators examined radar records, meteorological data, and a recovered Garmin 2/96 GPS unit. The investigation established that the pilot had filed a flight plan for 8,000 feet (FL080), a level that did not provide sufficient clearance for a direct route between Cato Ridge and New Tempe. Review of aeronautical charts indicated that the minimum safe altitude for this specific route should have been at least 12,700 feet.
Data downloaded from the GPS unit revealed that in the final minutes of the flight, the pilot deviated from the original IFR flight plan. The track showed the aircraft turning to the right, suggesting the pilot had sighted terrain and was attempting to fly under visual conditions to maintain clearance. The aircraft then entered a valley with rising ground and initiated a left-hand climbing turn, but ultimately struck the mountainside at an altitude of approximately 8,957 feet.
Findings
- The pilot held a valid commercial license and an instrument rating.
- The aircraft was flying at an altitude that was insufficient to ensure adequate terrain clearance for the chosen route.
- The pilot attempted to deviate from the IFR flight plan to avoid terrain, likely flying under VFR conditions in the final moments.
- Meteorological conditions in the area included low cloud bases and moisture-laden air, which contributed to poor visibility near the peaks.