What happened
On March 5, 2006, an Eurocopter AS365 N3, registration HB-XQS, departed Samedan for a flight to Davos under visual flight rules. The crew, consisting of a pilot and a flight assistant, intended to transit via the Fluela Pass. As the aircraft approached the pass, the crew reduced both their flight altitude and airspeed. While maneuvering at a low speed of approximately 50 km/h and an altitude of about 40 meters, the helicopter entered a tight left turn and collided with the snow-covered ground near the Hospice de la Fluela.
The impact resulted in the death of the flight assistant, who succumbed to injuries after losing consciousness and aspirating stomach contents. The pilot sustained severe traumatic brain injuries but survived the crash. The aircraft suffered extensive damage, though the cabin remained intact and the seats remained secured to their anchor points.
The investigation
The investigation, conducted by the Swiss Transportation Safety Investigation Board (SUST), utilized radio communications, GPS data, and interviews with the crew and company personnel. Technical examinations of the HB-XOL confirmed that the aircraft was within weight and center of gravity limits and that no mechanical failures contributed to the accident. The investigation also noted that neither crew member was wearing a flight helmet at the time of the impact.
Findings
- The primary cause of the accident was the collision with the terrain because the crew continued the flight at low speeds despite a lack of sufficient visual references.
- Weather conditions at the Fluela Pass were characterized by low visibility due to clinging clouds and falling snow.
- The flight procedure used was inappropriate for the prevailing meteorological and topographical conditions.
Safety action
Following the investigation, a safety recommendation was issued suggesting that the Federal Office of Civil Aviation should mandate the use of helmets for all occupants within a helicopter cockpit to provide essential protection against head injuries during accidents.