What happened
On July 1, 2008, a Cessna 172R, registration HB-CQR, was performing a solo instructional flight at Ecuvillens Aerodrome. The pilot, who was undergoing familiarization training on this specific aircraft type, approached runway 28 with a higher-than-normal altitude and speed, estimated at 65 knots. The pilot also delayed the reduction of engine power compared to previous dual-instruction flights.
During the landing phase, the aircraft made initial contact with the ground on all three wheels simultaneously. This was followed by a series of five distinct bounces. The first two impacts were particularly violent, involving the nosewheel striking the runway. These impacts caused significant structural deformation to the aircraft, including damage to the nosewheel attachment area, the engine mount, the battery support, and the cabin floor. The deformation of the floor even partially obstructed the movement of the elevator controls.
The investigation
Investigators examined the aircraft's maintenance records, flight logs, and testimonies from both the pilot and the instructor. The investigation focused on the transition from a two-seat trainer to a four-seat aircraft, noting that the center of gravity characteristics differ significantly between the two. The investigation also reviewed the pilot's training history, noting that while the pilot had completed basic training in a different aircraft type, the specific familiarization for the Cessna 172R had not yet covered certain emergency procedures.
Findings
- The pilot intentionally approached the runway threshold higher and faster than usual, believing it would increase his safety margin.
- The landing flare was initiated too late, resulting in a descent trajectory that was too steep at touchdown.
- The aircraft struck the ground with excessive speed, leading to the nosewheel impact.
- The instructor had not provided specific instruction or training regarding the correct recovery procedures during landing bounces during the familiarization process.
- The pilot did not attempt a go-around during the initial bounces.