What happened
On May 16, 2015, a Cessna C-172N, registration OK-JTN, was performing a short local flight near Česká Lípa Airport (LKCE) with three occupants on board. During the approach to runway 13, the pilot initiated the third circuit turn too early. To compensate, the pilot increased the rate of descent and reduced power to idle. This resulted in an approach speed of approximately 80 to 85 knots, which was 10 to 15 knots above the recommended manual speed, and a final approach path that was significantly higher than standard.
The aircraft touched down approximately 437 meters from the runway threshold, making for a long landing. Upon touchdown, the aircraft bounced several times. Following the third bounce, the pilot reacted inappropriately, causing the aircraft to impact the nose landing gear. The impact resulted in the complete failure and detachment of the nose gear, which was thrown several meters from the aircraft. The subsequent impact of the propeller with the ground caused the engine to stop abruptly and deformed the propeller blades.
The investigation
The ÚZPLN investigation examined the flight path, the aircraft's technical condition, and the pilot's actions. Investigators analyzed the touchdown marks on the grass runway, which showed a shallow furrow followed by a deeper trench where the nose gear components were found. The investigation also included witness testimony from the airport dispatcher, who noted that the aircraft appeared unusually high on final approach and experienced a long landing.
Technical inspections of the Cessna C-172N confirmed that there were no pre-existing mechanical failures in the nose gear or engine systems. The investigation also ruled out runway conditions and weather as contributing factors. The pilot, a 32-year-old with an ATPL(A) license, was found to be fully qualified and medically fit.
Findings
- The pilot performed a non-standard approach, flying significantly higher than the standard glide path.
- The landing was long, with the initial contact occurring near the middle of the runway.
- The pilot failed to properly manage the aircraft during the bouncing sequence.
- The primary cause of the accident was the pilot's improper response to the aircraft bouncing during the landing maneuver.
- The impact of the nose gear failure led to secondary damage, including engine stoppage and propeller deformation.