What happened
On 18 March 2017, a student pilot was performing a solo navigation flight originating from Vereeniging aerodrome. The flight plan included stops at Potchefstown and Parys before returning to the departure point. The flight proceeded normally under visual meteorological conditions until the aircraft arrived at Potchefstroom aerodrome for a series of touch-and-go landings.
After a successful initial touch-and-go, the pilot returned for a second attempt on runway 21. During this second landing, the Cessna 172N, registration ZS-JTC, experienced a severe bounce upon touchdown. In an attempt to execute an immediate go-around, the pilot applied full power and retracted the flaps to zero degrees. This sequence caused the aircraft to stall, resulting in a heavy impact approximately 177m to the right of the runway 21 threshold. The aircraft sustained substantial damage, and the pilot suffered serious injuries to his head.
The investigation
SACAA AIID investigators examined the aircraft, the pilot's training records, and witness accounts. An eyewitness observed the aircraft performing an unusual maneuver just before hitting the grass area, noting the aircraft was low and the right wing was dipping. Another pilot in the vicinity reported that the student pilot appeared uncertain on the radio during the approach, providing inaccurate position information.
Technical examination of the Cessna 172N revealed no mechanical anomalies or pre-impact failures that would have prevented normal operation. The engine was functional, and the propeller was still turning at the time of impact. The investigation also reviewed the student's training file, which noted that while the pilot had completed emergency procedure training, certain competencies regarding workload management and air traffic control liaison had been identified as areas for improvement in previous sessions.
Findings
- The primary cause of the accident was a stall resulting from a heavy bounce and improper configuration during a go-around attempt.
- The pilot retracted the flaps to zero degrees while attempting the go-around, which significantly reduced lift.
- The aircraft was operating under valid documentation, including a valid student pilot license and a certificate of airworthiness.
- Meteorological conditions were favorable, with calm winds and clear visibility.
- The aircraft was properly maintained and the engine was operational at the time of the accident.