Twin-engine aircraft crashes after oil pressure loss in freezing temperatures

Casualties unknown • Wheeling, IL, US

A twin-engine aircraft lost oil pressure due to using the wrong oil viscosity in extreme cold, leading to engine failure and a crash that damaged three other planes.

What happened

Shortly after takeoff, the pilot experienced a simultaneous loss of oil pressure on both engines. The pilot attempted to return to the airport by initiating a left turn. During the landing phase, the aircraft departed from the right side of runway 12. Upon impact, the aircraft collided with two Cessna 150s and destroyed a Piper PA-32.

The investigation

Inspection of the engines revealed significant mechanical failures. Both crankcases had 9x5 inch holes on their tops. Additionally, both engines had two connecting rods that had separated. Review of the engine logbooks showed that the oil had been changed on 10/16/81 using the equivalent of SAE 40 oil.

Findings

The Lycoming Operator's Manual, which was available in the aircraft records, recommends using SAE 20 oil for operation at temperatures below 10 degrees F. The temperature at the time of the accident was -15 degrees F. The use of SAE 40 oil in these conditions likely contributed to fuel exhaustion or loss of lubrication due to viscosity issues.

Safety message

Pilots must ensure that the correct oil viscosity is used for the ambient temperature to prevent engine failure.

Probable cause

The pilot's decision to use SAE 40 oil instead of the recommended SAE 20 oil in temperatures below 10 degrees F, which resulted in loss of oil pressure and subsequent engine failure.

Frequently asked questions

What happened in the 1982-01-10 Piper 23-250 accident near Wheeling, IL?

A twin-engine aircraft lost oil pressure due to using the wrong oil viscosity in extreme cold, leading to engine failure and a crash that damaged three other planes.

What aircraft was involved and where did it happen?

The accident on 1982-01-10 involved a Piper 23-250, registration N6995Y, operated by Daniel A Bitton, at Wheeling, IL.

What was the probable cause of the accident?

The pilot's decision to use SAE 40 oil instead of the recommended SAE 20 oil in temperatures below 10 degrees F, which resulted in loss of oil pressure and subsequent engine failure.

Investigation report by the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive. Original record: https://carol.ntsb.gov/event/20020917X01882. This page is a structured re-presentation; facts and quotes are in the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), United States.

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